Femtosecond laser pulse-induced breakdown of a single water microdroplet

Efimenko, Evgeny; Malkov, Yu. A.; Murzanev, A. A.; Степанов, А. Н.

doi:10.1364/josab.31.000534

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Clusters of debris, shown in bright contrast are proposed as some combination of the non-volatile component of mineral water 35 and small quantities of the elemental composition of the muscovite, or a subset thereof. The observation of smaller, unexploded bubbles around the central popped bump, supports the proposal of a mineral water assisted micro-bubbling 45,43 in the processed region. At higher fluence, fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Awasthi

Fuerbach

Kane

2020

Applied Surface Science

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Ultrafast, femtosecond laser pulse interaction with dielectric materials has shown them to have significantly higher laser fluence threshold requirements, as compared to metals and semiconductors, for laser material modification, such as laser ablation. Examples of dielectrics are crystalline materials such as quartz and sapphire, and amorphous glasses. The interaction between femtosecond laser pulses, at a wavelength with negligible linear absorption, and a dielectric has been found to be weak, and multiple pulse irradiation is therefore typically used in order to see significant and quantifiable effects. In this study the dielectric is the crystalline, layered, natural mineral muscovite, a mica with formula ( ) ( ) . Muscovite, newly cleaved, is used in a wide range of technological and scientific applications including as an insulating material in electronics and as an ultra-flat and ultra-clean substrate. A single, ~800 nm wavelength, ~6 micron spotsize, ~150 fs laser pulse is found to lead to a systematic range of laser modification topologies, as a function of the fluence of the single laser pulse, including bulk removal of material. The fs laser pulse/material interaction is greater than expected for a standard dielectric at a given fluence. Optical surface profiling and FESEM are used to characterise the topologies. Contrasting the results of the two techniques supports the use of optical surface profiling to characterise the material modification despite its limitations in lateral resolution as compared to FESEM. The interlayer mineral water content of natural muscovite is proposed as the primary reason that mica behaves differently to a standard dielectric when irradiated with a single 800 nm fs laser pulse.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Awasthi

Fuerbach

Kane

2020

Applied Surface Science

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“…The aqueous medium is modeled as a dielectric with a band-gap ∆ = 6.5 eV. 8,[10][11][12]44,45 The effective ionization potential∆ must account for the oscillation energy of the electron caused by the intense laser electric field, 42∆…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and 8 are used, 45 which ensures a correct photoionization rate at all values of γ (Supporting Information, Figure S6).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Free Electrons and H₂O₂ in the Optical Breakdown-Induced Photochemical Reduction of Aqueous [AuCl₄]⁻

et al. 2017

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Free electrons and HO formed in an optical breakdown plasma are found to directly control the kinetics of [AuCl] reduction to form Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) during femtosecond laser-assisted synthesis of AuNPs. The formation rates of both free electrons and HO strongly depend on the energy and duration of the 800 nm laser pulses over the ranges of 10-2400 μJ and 30-1500 fs. By monitoring the conversion of [AuCl] to AuNPs using in situ UV-vis spectroscopy during laser irradiation, the first- and second-order rate constants in the autocatalytic rate law, k and k, were extracted and compared to the computed free electron densities and experimentally measured HO formation rates. For laser pulse energies of 600 μJ and lower at all pulse durations, the first-order rate constant, k, was found to be directly proportional to the theoretically calculated plasma volume, in which the electron density exceeds the threshold value of 1.8 × 10 cm. The second-order rate constant, k, was found to correlate with the measured HO formation rate at all pulse energies and durations, resulting in the empirical relationship k ≈ HO. We have demonstrated that the relative composition of free electrons and HO in the optical breakdown plasma may be controlled by changing the pulse energy and duration, which may make it possible to tune the size and dispersity of AuNPs and other metal nanoparticle products synthesized with femtosecond laser-based methods.

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“…The high pulse-energies of up to 5 mJ and tight-focusing conditions often used in AuCl 4 ½ À reduction experiments [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] produce peak intensities that significantly exceed the OB threshold. For instance, irradiation with 1 mJ pulses under the conditions described above results in a peak electron-density that surpasses the OB threshold by at least factor of 50 and even exceeds the maximum electron-density of 4 Â 10 22 cm À3 achievable in liquid water [42] for shorter pulses (dotted line, Figure 1(b)). Thus, to model the availability of electrons for AuCl 4 ½ À reduction, it is of primary importance to estimate the plasma volume in which the electron-density exceeds the OB threshold.…”

Section: Optical Breakdownmentioning

confidence: 88%

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

John¹,

Meader²,

MooreTibbetts³

2018

Photochemistry and Photophysics - Fundamentals to Applications

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Laser-assisted metallic nanoparticle synthesis is a versatile "green" method that has become a topic of active research. This chapter discusses the photochemical reaction mechanisms driving AuCl 4 ½ À reduction using femtosecond-laser irradiation, and reviews recent advances in Au nanoparticle size-control. We begin by describing the physical processes underlying the interactions between laser pulses and the condensed media, including optical breakdown and supercontinuum emission. These processes produce a highly reactive plasma containing free electrons, which reduce AuCl 4 ½ À , and radical species producing H 2 O 2 that cause autocatalytic growth of Au nanoparticles. Then, we discuss the reduction kinetics of AuCl 4 ½ À , which follow an autocatalytic rate law in which the first-and second-order rate constants depend on free electrons and H 2 O 2 availability. Finally, we explain strategies to control the size of gold nanoparticles as they are synthesized; including modifications of laser parameters and solution compositions.

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Femtosecond laser pulse-induced breakdown of a single water microdroplet

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Roles of Free Electrons and H₂O₂ in the Optical Breakdown-Induced Photochemical Reduction of Aqueous [AuCl₄]⁻

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

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Femtosecond laser pulse-induced breakdown of a single water microdroplet

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Single-femtosecond-laser-pulse interaction with mica

Roles of Free Electrons and H2O2 in the Optical Breakdown-Induced Photochemical Reduction of Aqueous [AuCl4]−

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

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Roles of Free Electrons and H₂O₂ in the Optical Breakdown-Induced Photochemical Reduction of Aqueous [AuCl₄]⁻