Femtosecond laser micromachining of co-polymeric urethane materials

Wood, Michael J.; Coady, Matthew J.; Aristizabal, Felipe; Nielsen, Kent E.; Ragogna, Paul J.; Kietzig, Anne‐Marie

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.03.296

“…In the previous studies, the most widely studied polymeric substrates were polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polyfluoroethylene, and polyimide (PI) [39]. The contribution of the incubation effect to ablation was observed in the femtosecondlaser treatment of some polymers.…”

Section: Ablation Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the micromachining of polymer substrates using femtosecond lasers, a comparison of the behaviour of urethane-based amorphous co-polymers to similar homopolymers was conducted [39]. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed the presence of pores in the microstructure produced by ablation using a 275 nm wavelength femtosecond laser beam.…”

Section: Ablation Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Micro-texturing of polymer surfaces using lasers: a review

Obilor

¹

,

Pacella

²

,

Wilson

³

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Micro- and nanoscale structures produced on surfaces of metals, polymers, ceramics, and glasses have many important applications in different fields such as engineering, medical, biological, etc. Laser ablation using ultrashort pulses has become the prominent technique for generating different surface structures for various functional applications. Ultrashort laser ablation proved to be ideal for producing structures with dimensions down to the nanometre scale. In comparison to other texturing techniques employed to create micro/nano features such as electrochemical machining, micro-milling, ion-beam etching, hot embossing, lithography, and mechanical texturing, ultrashort laser ablation produces high-quality surfaces at low cost in a one-step non-contact process. Advantageous characteristics of polymers such as high strength-to-weight ratio, non-corrosive nature, and high electrical and thermal resistance, have made polymers the preferred choice compared to other materials (e.g., steel, aluminium, titanium) in several fields of application. As a result, laser ablation of polymers has been of great interest for many researchers. This paper reviews the current state-of-the art research and recent progress in laser ablation of polymers starting from laser-material interaction, polymer properties influenced by laser, laser texturing methods, and achievable surface functionalities such as adhesion, friction, self-cleaning, and hydrophilicity on commonly used polymeric materials. It also highlights the capabilities and drawbacks of various micro-texturing techniques while identifying texture geometries that can be generated with these techniques. In general, the objective of this work is to present a thorough review on laser ablation and laser surface modification of a variety of industrially used polymers. Since direct laser interference patterning is an emerging area, considerable attention is given to this technique with the aim of forming a basis for follow-up research that could pave the way for potential technological ideas and optimization towards obtaining complex high-resolution features for future novel applications.

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“…32,33 While traditional photolithography has been applied to polymeric resins, 34 hyperbolic metamaterials, 35 nanostructures, 36 photonic crystals 37 and cocrystal thin films, 38 the ability to accurately shape, or machine, organic crystalline solids using low-powered visible or ultraviolet (UV) light has yet to be achieved. While machining of patterns has been reported using high-energy beam techniques, such as focused ion beam (FIB) milling, 39 electron beam lithography, or femtosecond laser beam machining, 40 these methods operate at high energies (1-50 keV) and beam powers (on the order of several Watts) that produce chemical damage to organic materials, and are most commonly used for organic polymers and inorganic materials. [41][42][43][44] Here we describe cocrystallization through halogen bonding as a route to obtain crystalline organic materials that can be engraved, cut, and/or punctured without chemical damage, with micrometer-scale precision, using a laser beam with output powers in the milliwatt range (0.5-20 mW), i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Power Laser Micro-Shaping of Dye-Volatile Cocrystals: The Gentle Cutting Edge of Photoresponsive Materials

Borchers¹,

Topić²,

Christopherson³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

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Cocrystallisation of a fluorinated azobenzene with volatile cocrystal components dioxane or pyrazine yields halogen-bonded cocrystals that can be cut, carved or engraved with low-powered visible laser light. This process, termed cocrystal laser micro-shaping (CLMS), is enabled by cocrystallisation of a visible light dye with a volatile component, giving rise to materials that can be selectively disassembled with micrometer precision using gentle, non-burning irradiation in a commercial confocal microscope setup. The ability to shape and even machine cocrystals in 3D using laser powers between 0.5 and 20 mW, which are 2-4 orders of magnitude lower compared to laser powers used for machining metals, ceramics or polymers, is rationalized by CLMS targeting the disruption of weak supramolecular interactions between cocrystal components, rather than the breaking of covalent bonds in polymers or disruption of ionic structures required for conventional laser beam or focused ion beam machining processes, mainly by high-power laser heating.<br>

show abstract

“…32,33 While traditional photolithography has been applied to polymeric resins, 34 hyperbolic metamaterials, 35 nanostructures, 36 photonic crystals 37 and cocrystal thin films, 38 the ability to accurately shape, or machine, organic crystalline solids using low-powered visible or ultraviolet (UV) light has yet to be achieved. While machining of patterns has been reported using high-energy beam techniques, such as focused ion beam (FIB) milling, 39 electron beam lithography, or femtosecond laser beam machining, 40 these methods operate at high energies (1-50 keV) and beam powers (on the order of several Watts) that produce chemical damage to organic materials, and are most commonly used for organic polymers and inorganic materials. [41][42][43][44] Here we describe cocrystallization through halogen bonding as a route to obtain crystalline organic materials that can be engraved, cut, and/or punctured without chemical damage, with micrometer-scale precision, using a laser beam with output powers in the milliwatt range (0.5-20 mW), i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Power Laser Micro-Shaping of Dye-Volatile Cocrystals: The Gentle Cutting Edge of Photoresponsive Materials

Borchers¹,

Topić²,

Christopherson³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocrystallisation of a fluorinated azobenzene with volatile cocrystal components dioxane or pyrazine yields halogen-bonded cocrystals that can be cut, carved or engraved with low-powered visible laser light. This process, termed cocrystal laser micro-shaping (CLMS), is enabled by cocrystallisation of a visible light dye with a volatile component, giving rise to materials that can be selectively disassembled with micrometer precision using gentle, non-burning irradiation in a commercial confocal microscope setup. The ability to shape and even machine cocrystals in 3D using laser powers between 0.5 and 20 mW, which are 2-4 orders of magnitude lower compared to laser powers used for machining metals, ceramics or polymers, is rationalized by CLMS targeting the disruption of weak supramolecular interactions between cocrystal components, rather than the breaking of covalent bonds in polymers or disruption of ionic structures required for conventional laser beam or focused ion beam machining processes, mainly by high-power laser heating.<br>

show abstract

Femtosecond laser micromachining of co-polymeric urethane materials

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Micro-texturing of polymer surfaces using lasers: a review

Micro-texturing of polymer surfaces using lasers: a review

Low-Power Laser Micro-Shaping of Dye-Volatile Cocrystals: The Gentle Cutting Edge of Photoresponsive Materials

Low-Power Laser Micro-Shaping of Dye-Volatile Cocrystals: The Gentle Cutting Edge of Photoresponsive Materials

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