Femtosecond Laser-Controlled Tip-to-Tip Assembly and Welding of Gold Nanorods

González‐Rubio, Guillermo; González-Izquierdo, Jesús; Bañares, Luis; Tardajos, G.; Rivera, Antonio; Altantzis, Thomas; Peña‐Rodríguez, Ovidio; Guerrero‐Martínez, Andrés; Liz‐Marzán, Luis M.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03844

Cited by 110 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A similar approach was suggested in Ref. [], providing a plasmonic response at the near IR via the tip‐to‐tip welding of gold nanorods (Figure d and e). Other methods of nanowire welding have also been developed including the use of cw lasers, femtosecond pulses and even non‐coherent sources of light …”

Section: Non‐reversible Reconfigurationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Light‐Induced Tuning and Reconfiguration of Nanophotonic Structures

Makarov

Zalogina

Tajik

et al. 2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

177

115

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Interaction of light pulses of various durations and intensities with nanoscale photonic structures plays an important role in many applications of nanophotonics for high-density data storage, ultra-fast data processing, surface coloring and sensing. A design of optically tunable and reconfigurable structures made from different materials is based on many important physical effects and advances in material science, and it employs the resonant character of light interaction with nanostructures and strong field confinement at the nanoscale. Here we review the recent progress in physics of tunable and reconfigurable nanophotonic structures of different types. We start from low laser intensities that produce weak reversible changes in nanostructures, and then move to the discussion of non-reversible changes in photonic structures. We focus on three platforms based on metallic, dielectric and hybrid resonant photonic structures such as nanoantennas, nanoparticle oligomers and nanostructured metasurfaces. Main challenges and key advantages of each of the approaches focusing on applications in advanced photonic technologies are also discussed.

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Section: Non‐reversible Reconfigurationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…(b) SEM images and (c) scattering spectra of gold dimers before and after laser nanowelding . (d) TEM micrographs of the gold nanorods and (e) their extinction spectra changes due to a tip‐to‐tip assembly …”

Section: Non‐reversible Reconfigurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light‐Induced Tuning and Reconfiguration of Nanophotonic Structures

Makarov

Zalogina

Tajik

et al. 2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

177

115

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“…The distribution of the population was estimated using TEM imagery analysis, Figure 2h, showing a distinct welded dimer (N = 2) population (≈75% yield) in agreement with the spectroscopic measurements. [7,8,10] For single gold nanorods synthesized using seed-mediated processes, the long wavelength limit of the LSP absorption peak is ≈1.2 µm, [11] similar to the CTP nanoantenna absorption peak in Figure 2c. The high quality factor (λ CTP /fwhm) CTP absorption peaks observed in Figure 2 are attributed to the CTP mode being insensitive to the relative orientation of the individual nanorods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…

tunable, monodisperse, high aspect ratio plasmonic nanoantennas.

Very recently, molecules were used to link gold nanospheres into linear chains and the nanospheres were welded together following exposure to femtosecond laser pulses. [8] Further work refined this approach experimentally demonstrating discrete nanorod dimer nanoantennas with large and sharp absorption peaks, but used a slowly reacting aqueous based method. [7] Similarly, experiments were carried out using gold nanorods, experimentally producing very polydisperse yields at near infrared wavelengths, indicating uncontrolled assembly and welding.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Widely Tunable Infrared Plasmonic Nanoantennas Using Directed Assembly

Fontana

Nita

Charipar

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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tunable, monodisperse, high aspect ratio plasmonic nanoantennas.Very recently, molecules were used to link gold nanospheres into linear chains and the nanospheres were welded together following exposure to femtosecond laser pulses. The experimental wavelength tunability of this approach was ≈0.4 µm at near infrared wavelengths. [7] Similarly, experiments were carried out using gold nanorods, experimentally producing very polydisperse yields at near infrared wavelengths, indicating uncontrolled assembly and welding. [8] Further work refined this approach experimentally demonstrating discrete nanorod dimer nanoantennas with large and sharp absorption peaks, but used a slowly reacting aqueous based method. [9] Although this approach enabled high quality yields it is not practical for producing infrared nanoantennas due to the long assembly times and the large water absorption peaks which inhibit the ability to process and measure the suspensions at infrared wavelengths. The inability to experimentally direct and weld nanorod assemblies into higher order structures, while simultaneously producing high quality yields, has impeded progress into infrared wavelengths. If infrared plasmonic nanoantennas are to be efficiently realized, ushering in a fundamental nanotechnology building block, then these approaches must be generalized.The generalized experiment is illustrated in Figure 1a. Gold nanorods were concatenated end to end with dithiol molecules forming linear nanorod chains of controllable length (Figure 1a, background). The chains are welded together as they enter the femtosecond laser beam (red) producing tunable infrared plasmonic nanoantennas (Figure 1a, foreground). The experiment was monitored in situ with a spectrometer and white light source (white beam) orthogonal to the laser light (Experimental Section).Initially, aqueous suspensions of gold nanorods were stabilized with a bilayer of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coating the cylindrical portion of the nanorods, Figure 1b. To enable the end to end assembly, the nanorods were then suspended in an acetonitrile:water (8:1) solution (Experimental Section). This allows the nanorods and nonpolar molecular linkers (1,6-hexanedithiol) to be costabilized in the same suspension by removing the outer most CTAB layer from the nanorods exposing the nonpolar tails of the CTAB Infrared plasmonic nanoantennas are key building blocks in nanotechnology. By coupling and confining light into spatial volumes below the diffraction limit, infrared plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities to sense and signal at nanometer length scales for energy harvesting, as light sources, and in nanomedicine applications. However, in contrast to their radio-and microwave counterparts, widespread use of plasmonic nanoantennas has been limited, due in part to the inability to synthesize these structures maintaining nanoscale precision in large batches with uniform yields. This communication describes a directed assembly approach to generate large quantities of infrared pl...

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“…Nanoshells are not equally attractive in this case because the reduction of thickness of the metal layer, which is required to tune the LSPR position, results in very weak near fields. Hence, different structures, like rough surfaces [24] and nanoparticle junctions [25], are usually preferred for these applications. The advantage of these structures comes from their ability to concentrate the light into small volumes, greatly enhancing the local electromagnetic (EM) field in this region, producing the so-called “hot spots” [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near- and Far-Field Optical Response of Eccentric Nanoshells

et al. 2017

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We study the optical response of eccentric nanoshells (i.e., spherical nanoparticles with an eccentric spherical inclusion) in the near and the far field through finite-difference time-domain simulations. Plasmon hybridization theory is used to explain the obtained results. The eccentricity generates a far-field optical spectrum with various plasmon peaks. The number, position, and width of the peaks depend on the core offset. Near-field enhancements in the surroundings of these structures are significantly larger than those obtained for equivalent concentric nanoshells and, more importantly, they are almost independent of the illumination conditions. This opens up the door for using eccentric nanoshells in applications requiring intense near-field enhancements.

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Femtosecond Laser-Controlled Tip-to-Tip Assembly and Welding of Gold Nanorods

Cited by 110 publications

References 41 publications

Light‐Induced Tuning and Reconfiguration of Nanophotonic Structures

Light‐Induced Tuning and Reconfiguration of Nanophotonic Structures

Widely Tunable Infrared Plasmonic Nanoantennas Using Directed Assembly

Near- and Far-Field Optical Response of Eccentric Nanoshells

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