Femtosecond and Subfemtosecond X-Ray Pulses from a Self-Amplified Spontaneous-Emission–Based Free-Electron Laser

Emma, P.; Bane, K. L. F.; Cornacchia, M.; Huang, Zhirong; Schlarb, H.; Stupakov, Gennady; Walz, D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.074801

Cited by 314 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although further consideration is necessary, the TCDP operation combined with various methods of attosecond pulse generation [26][27][28][29][30] will make it feasible to study ultrafast phenomena, including coherent X-ray Raman scattering or hard X-ray atomic lasers, at an attosecond scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-colour hard X-ray free-electron laser with wide tunability

et al. 2013

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Ultrabrilliant, femtosecond X-ray pulses from X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have promoted the investigation of exotic interactions between intense X-rays and matters, and the observation of minute targets with high spatio-temporal resolution. Although a single X-ray beam has been utilized for these experiments, the use of multiple beams with flexible and optimum beam parameters should drastically enhance the capability and potentiality of XFELs. Here we show a new light source of a two-colour double-pulse (TCDP) XFEL in hard X-rays using variable-gap undulators, which realizes a large and flexible wavelength separation of more than 30% with an ultraprecisely controlled time interval in the attosecond regime. Together with sub-10-fs pulse duration and multi-gigawatt peak powers, the TCDP scheme enables us to elucidate X-ray-induced ultrafast transitions of electronic states and structures, which will significantly contribute to the advancement of ultrafast chemistry, plasma and astronomical physics, and quantum X-ray optics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-colour hard X-ray free-electron laser with wide tunability

et al. 2013

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“…The magnetic compression with a slit between the second and third dipoles of a chicane was initially proposed by Borland to generate 10-20 fs long electron bunches at the Advanced Photo Source (APS) Linac [62]. Recently, it has been demonstrated that this technique can be used for the generation of ultra-short FEL pulses at SLAC and FERMI [60,[63][64][65]. The adaption of this system to produce sub-fs bunches is not trivial.…”

Section: Beam Collimation In a Dispersive Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual and Technical Design Aspects of Accelerators for External Injection in LWFA

et al. 2018

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Laser driven Wake-Field Acceleration (LWFA) has proven its capability of accelerating electron bunches (e-bunches) to up to 4 GeV energy in a single stage while reaching gradients up to hundreds of GV/m. Because of the short period of the accelerating field (typically ranging from 100 fs to 1 ps duration) and the requirement of extremely small beam size (typically smaller than 1 µm) to match the channel, e-bunches can reach extremely high densities. They can be either extracted directly from the plasma or externally injected. The study of the external injection is interesting for two main reasons. On the one hand this method allows better control of the quality of the input beam and on the other hand it is in general necessary when a staged approach of the accelerator is considered. The interest in producing, characterizing and transporting high brightness ultra-short e-bunches has grown together with the interest in LWFA and other novel high-gradient acceleration techniques. In this paper we will review the principal techniques for producing and shaping ultra-short electron bunches with the example of the SINBAD-ARES (Accelerator Research Experiment at SINBAD) linac at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). Our goal is to show how the design of the SINBAD-ARES linac satisfies the requirements for generating high brightness LWFA probes. In the last part of the paper we shall also comment on the technical challenges for electron control and characterization.

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“…Even shorter X-ray pulses are desired for some scientific experiments such as biomolecular imaging 14 and time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy in femtochemistry 40 . At the LCLS, two experimental methods-a low-charge (20 pC) mode 41 and a slotted-foil emittance spoiling scheme 42 -have been successfully developed to produce sub-10 fs X-ray pulses. However, until now, there has been no diagnostics reported that can measure the X-ray pulses at a resolution of a few femtoseconds or better.…”

Section: Article Nature Communications | Doi: 101038/ncomms4762mentioning

confidence: 99%

Few-femtosecond time-resolved measurements of X-ray free-electron lasers

et al. 2014

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X-ray free-electron lasers, with pulse durations ranging from a few to several hundred femtoseconds, are uniquely suited for studying atomic, molecular, chemical and biological systems. Characterizing the temporal profiles of these femtosecond X-ray pulses that vary from shot to shot is not only challenging but also important for data interpretation. Here we report the time-resolved measurements of X-ray free-electron lasers by using an X-band radiofrequency transverse deflector at the Linac Coherent Light Source. We demonstrate this method to be a simple, non-invasive technique with a large dynamic range for single-shot electron and X-ray temporal characterization. A resolution of less than 1 fs root mean square has been achieved for soft X-ray pulses. The lasing evolution along the undulator has been studied with the electron trapping being observed as the X-ray peak power approaches 100 GW.

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Femtosecond and Subfemtosecond X-Ray Pulses from a Self-Amplified Spontaneous-Emission–Based Free-Electron Laser

Cited by 314 publications

References 8 publications

Two-colour hard X-ray free-electron laser with wide tunability

Two-colour hard X-ray free-electron laser with wide tunability

Conceptual and Technical Design Aspects of Accelerators for External Injection in LWFA

Few-femtosecond time-resolved measurements of X-ray free-electron lasers

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