Femoral venous pulsations during open-chest cardiac massage

Connick, Megan; Berg, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(94)70251-9

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Because there are no valves in the inferior vena cava, retrograde blood flow into the venous system may produce femoral vein pulsations. 202 Thus, palpation of a pulse in the femoral triangle may indicate venous rather than arterial blood flow. Carotid pulsations during CPR do not indicate the efficacy of myocardial or cerebral perfusion during CPR.…”

Section: Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Neumar¹,

Otto²,

Link³

et al. 2010

Circulation

1,336

872

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Section: Pulsementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Neumar¹,

Otto²,

Link³

et al. 2010

Circulation

1,336

872

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In studies of humans, patients who could not be resuscitated had significantly lower ETCO 2 levels than those who were successfully resuscitated 245,252–255 . The presence of a palpable carotid or femoral pulse may not be a reliable indicator of successful CPCR, because venous pulses may be felt in the absence of adequate arterial blood flow during CPCR because of backflow of blood from the caudal vena cava 256,257 . Assessment of cerebral blood flow can be performed by placement of a Doppler ultrasound transducer on the lubricated cornea 258,259 .…”

Section: Monitoring the Effectiveness Of Cpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Small Animal Medicine: An Update

Plunkett¹,

McMichael

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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In December 2005, the American Heart Association published new guidelines for cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) in humans for the 1st time in 5 years. Many of the recommendations are based on research conducted in animal species and may be applicable to small animal veterinary patients. One important change that may impact how CPCR is performed in veterinary medicine is the recommendation to avoid administration of excessive ventilatory rates because this maneuver severely decreases myocardial and cerebral perfusion, decreasing the chance of survival. The new guidelines also emphasize the importance of providing well-executed, continuous, uninterrupted chest compressions. Interruption of chest compressions should be avoided and, if necessary, should be minimized to o10 seconds. During defibrillation, immediate resumption of chest compressions for 2 minutes after a single shock, before reassessment of the rhythm by ECG, is recommended. This recommendation replaces previous recommendations for the delivery of 3 defibrillatory shocks in rapid succession. Allowing permissive hypothermia postresuscitation has been found to be beneficial and may increase success rate. Medications utilized in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, including amiodarone, atropine, epinephrine, lidocaine, and vasopressin, along with the indications, effects, routes of administration, and dosages, are discussed. The application of the new guidelines to veterinary medicine as well as a review of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in small animals is provided.

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“…192,203,206 Healthcare providers may also have difficulty reliably separating venous from arterial pulsation during CPR. 217 On a review of this and other data, the experts and delegates at the 1999 Evidence Evaluation Conference and the International Guidelines 2000 Conference concluded that the pulse check could not be recommended as a tool for lay rescuers to use in the CPR sequence to identify victims of cardiac arrest. If rescuers use the pulse check to identify victims of cardiac arrest, they will "miss" true cardiac arrest at least 10 of 100 times.…”

Section: Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support I-269mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If effective compressions are provided, they should all produce palpable pulses in a central artery (eg, the carotid, brachial, or femoral artery). Although pulses palpated during chest compression may actually represent venous pulsations rather than arterial pulses, 217 pulse assessment by the healthcare provider during CPR remains the most practical quick assessment of chest compression efficacy.…”

Section: Provide Chest Compressionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support

2000

Circulation

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• The extremely complex skills sequence for lay rescuer relief of foreign-body airway obstruction (FBAO) in the unconscious victim has been simplified. The sequence for healthcare provider relief of FBAO in the unconscious victim remains unchanged (Class IIb). IntroductionPediatric BLS refers to the provision of CPR, with no devices or with bag-mask ventilation or barrier devices, until advanced life support (ALS) can be provided. The population addressed in this chapter includes infants from birth to 1 year of age and children from 1 to 8 years of age. CPR and life support in the pediatric age group should be part of a community-wide Chain of Survival that links the child to the best hope of survival following emergencies. The Chain of Survival integrates education in prevention of cardiopulmonary arrest, BLS, early access to EMS systems prepared for children's needs, early and effective pediatric Sudden cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is much less common than sudden cardiac arrest in adults. 4 In contrast to cardiac arrest in adults, cardiac arrest in infants and children is rarely a sudden event, and non-cardiac causes predominate. 4 The etiology of cardiac arrest in infants and children varies by age, setting, and the underlying health of the child. For these reasons, the sequence of CPR for infants and children requires a different approach from that used for adult victims.Cardiac arrest in the under-21-year-old age group occurs most commonly at either end of the age spectrum: under 1 year of age and during the teenage years. In the newly born infant, respiratory failure is the most common cause of cardiopulmonary deterioration and arrest. During infancy the most common causes of arrest include sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory diseases, airway obstruction (including foreign-body aspiration), submersion, sepsis, and neurological disease. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Beyond 1 year of age, injuries are the leading cause of death. [12][13][14] Cardiac arrest in children typically represents the terminal event of progressive shock or respiratory failure. Either shock or respiratory failure may include a compensated state from which children can rapidly deteriorate to a decompensated condition with progression to respiratory or cardiac arrest. Therefore, rescuers must detect and promptly treat early signs of respiratory and circulatory failure to prevent cardiac arrest. In children, early effective bystander CPR has been associated with successful return of spontaneous circulation and neurologically intact survival. 15,16 BLS courses should be offered to target populations such as expectant parents, child care providers, teachers, sports supervisors, and others who regularly care for children. Parents and child care providers of children with underlying conditions that predispose them to cardiopulmonary failure should be particularly targeted for these courses.These guidelines are based on a review and analysis of clinical and experimental evidence. 17 Because this evidence varies widely...

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Femoral venous pulsations during open-chest cardiac massage

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Part 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Part 8: Adult Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Small Animal Medicine: An Update

Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support

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