Femoral Neck Stress Fracture Complicated by Deep Venous Thrombosis and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Report

Feldman, Alicia B.; Saint-Phard, Deborah

doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.02.007

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…CRPS has a higher incidence between 60 and 70 years [27], particularly affecting older people after surgery, fractures, or other traumatic injuries, while it seems to mostly affect young people in reported cases, probably due to the higher incidence of sport-related injury in this population [7,28]. Even if previous studies showed that in general pop-ulation CRPS incidence in young people is lower than that of adults (1.16/100,000 vs. 26.2/100,000) [27,28], in the present study, apart from four studies [14,15,17,21], most of the participants ranged from 10 to 18 years. As for sex distribution, the higher prevalence in females confirms previous findings about the epidemiology of CRPS in both adults and children [9,27,28].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…Table 2 provides detailed information about the selected studies. Only two studies [14,15] followed Budapest diagnostic criteria. Imaging, including X-ray, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, computer tomography, and bone scans, was often used for differential diagnosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one study [23] reported a wrist involvement. Athletes often presented previous traumatic or overuse injuries, clinical conditions (such as osteopenia or amenorrhea, or depression) that could be directly or indirectly (e.g., predisposing to stress fractures [14]) trigger CRPS, or other comorbidities (such as type 1 von Willebrand disease, or migraine). It is noteworthy that a single study reported Calve-Perthes disease as a comorbidity [15], which likely contributed to poor bone strength and lean mass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different comorbidities were found in the described clinical cases. Some of them, as menstrual alterations, or migraine, have already been found as predisposing factors for CRPS [14,31]. Other conditions, such as psychiatric comorbidities, are often found in CRPS patients, but their relationship has not been clarified yet [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by disproportionate regional pain, usually affecting distal limbs, that follows trauma or surgery. Athletes may develop CRPS because of exposure to traumatic or overuse injuries. The aim of the present study is to review the available literature about CRPS type 1 in athletes. Materials and Methods: We searched two online databases (PubMed and Web of Science), selecting papers aiming at investigating CRPS type 1 (algodystrophy) in athletes. The analysis of databases was made considering original articles published until 30 June 2021, written in English. Results: Fifteen papers (12 case reports, 3 case series) were selected for a total of 20 clinical cases (15 females, 5 males), aged between 10 and 46 years (mean age 18.4 ± 9.8 standard deviation years). Patients included practiced different types of sport (soccer, athletics, gymnastics, basketball). The most involved anatomical sites were lower limbs, and time to diagnosis ranged from 2 days to 4 years. The most used treatments were pharmacological and physical therapies, but sometimes invasive approaches, as regional nerve, or lumbar sympathetic blocks, were provided. The main assessed outcomes were return to activity and pain. Conclusions: Our review suggests a higher prevalence of CRPS type 1 in younger people and in lower limbs than in general population but confirms the higher prevalence in females. However, the number of studies addressing CRPS in athletes is limited, as well as the number of involved patients, considering that only few and heterogeneous case reports were published about this topic. Moreover, the high prevalence of old studies (only 5 available studies in the last 10 years) might have influenced the choice of both assessment tools and management strategies. Despite these limitations, athletes showing disproportionate pain after sport-related injury should be promptly evaluated and treated through a multidimensional approach to avoid long-term consequences of algodystrophy.

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