Femoral intercondylar notch width size: a comparison between siblings with and without anterior cruciate ligament injuries

Keays, Susan L.; Keays, R.C.; Newcombe, Peter

doi:10.1007/s00167-014-3491-6

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Clinically, associations between several morphological traits of the knee and ACL‐injury risk have been widely reported in both sexes across various ages and sports activities. These morphological risk factors, which in vitro studies have found to increase the likelihood of ACL impingement, anterior tibial translation and/or increased ACL peak strains, include ACL cross‐sectional area, femoral intercondylar notch width/shape, and posterior tibial plateau slope . How the morphology of these anatomical traits is biomechanically influenced throughout growth via differentially applied physiological loads is of considerable clinical importance yet remains unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphology of Mouse Anterior Cruciate Ligament‐Complex Changes Following Exercise During Pubertal Growth

Schlecht

Martin

Ochocki

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Postnatal development and the physiological loading response of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) complex (ACL proper, entheses, and bony morphology) is not well understood. We tested whether the ACL-complex of two inbred mouse strains that collectively encompass the musculoskeletal variation observed in humans would demonstrate significant morphological differences following voluntary cage-wheel running during puberty compared with normal cage activity controls. Female A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) 6-week-old mice were provided unrestricted access to a standard cage-wheel for 4 weeks. A/J-exercise mice showed a 6.3% narrower ACL (p = 0.64), and a 20.1% more stenotic femoral notch (p < 0.01) while B6-exercise mice showed a 12.3% wider ACL (p = 0.10), compared with their respective controls. Additionally, A/J-exercise mice showed a 5.3% less steep posterior medial tibial slope (p = 0.07) and an 8.8% less steep posterior lateral tibial slope (p = 0.07), while B6-exercise mice showed a 9.8% more steep posterior medial tibial slope (p < 0.01) than their respective controls. A/J-exercise mice also showed more reinforcement of the ACL tibial enthesis with a 20.4% larger area (p < 0.01) of calcified fibrocartilage distributed at a 29.2% greater depth (p = 0.02) within the tibial enthesis, compared with their controls. These outcomes suggest exercise during puberty significantly influences ACL-complex morphology and that inherent morphological differences between these mice, as observed in their less active genetically similar control groups, resulted in a divergent phenotypic outcome between mouse strains.

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confidence: 99%

Morphology of Mouse Anterior Cruciate Ligament‐Complex Changes Following Exercise During Pubertal Growth

Schlecht

Martin

Ochocki

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…5,18–22 Patients with left and right bilateral ACL injuries have cut-off value of NWI smaller than unilateral injury patients. 4,8 The reason of ACL injury caused by the intercondylar notch stenosis is variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, both x-ray and CT images have overlapped picture 5 and are influenced by the photograph position heavily, 17 so the error is large. MRI don’t have ghosting, and can display the soft tissue such as joint ligaments clearly, so the error is negligible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a relative index, which can reduce measurement error, balance individual difference, and reflect the size of intercondylar notch more accurately. Both x-ray and CT (computed tomography) images can calculate NWI; however, the images can’t see the soft tissue such as ligament and they may exist overlapping, 5 so the error is high. Fortunately, there are no such problems in MR (magnetic resonance) images, so we choose MR images in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercondylar Notch Stenosis of Knee Osteoarthritis and Relationship between Stenosis and Osteoarthritis Complicated with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Chen

Geng

et al. 2016

Medicine

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The aim of this study was to research whether the patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) exist intercondylar notch stenosis and the relationship between stenosis and OA complicated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).A total of 79 cases of moderate–severe OA patients and 71 cases of healthy people were collected; among these OA patients, 38 were OA complicated with ACL injury and 41 were simple OA. The intercondylar notch was divided into A, U, and W types according to the notch shape in the axial sequence of MRI. Measurement of the notch width index (NWI) in the sequences of axial (NWI-1), coronal (NWI-2), and ACL attachment point at femoral (NWI-A) was done. The differences of NWI in different groups and different sequences were compared and the NWI cut-off values in different sequences were resolved by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve which could be used as indicators for intercondylar notch narrowing were calculated.The proportion of type A in moderate–severe OA group was larger than healthy group, and similar to OA complicated with ACL injury and simple OA groups (P <0.05). The NWI values of the moderate–severe OA group in three sequences were smaller than the healthy group, and similar to OA complicated with ACL injury and simple OA groups (P <0.001). The cut-off values of ROC curve were NWI-1 <0.266, NWI-2 <0.247, and NWI-A <0.253 in the moderate–severe OA group, and NWI-1 <0.263, NWI-2 <0.246, and NWI-A <0.253 in the OA complicated with ACL injury group. The intercondylar notch of moderate–severe OA patients exist significant stenosis. Type A is one of the variables that predispose a notch to stenosis. Intercondylar notch stenosis and type A are risk factors for moderate–severe OA patients complicated with ACL injury.

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“…In a study by Hewett et al (), multiple risk factors were identified in a pair of female fraternal twins with ACL injuries including increased knee abduction angles, joint and ligament laxity, and decreased femoral intercondylar notch width. Stenotic intercondylar notches were also found to be significantly more frequent in siblings with ACL injuries (Keays, Newcombe, & Keays, ). In addition, other confounding genetic variables could cause increased risk for ACL injury among family members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized joint hypermobility in siblings with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and matched unrelated healthy siblings

Keays

Newcombe

Keays

2020

Physiotherapy Res Intl

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Background and Purpose Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are common knee injuries, and siblings of individuals with an ACL injury may be at higher risk of ACL injury. Generalized hypermobility may be a familial factor predisposing siblings to ACL injury and may also relate to faulty lower limb alignment. There is a need to determine whether the interaction between hypermobility, family history, and faulty alignment makes siblings with hypermobility at higher risk for ACL injury so that appropriate preventative measures can be taken. This study therefore aimed to (a) compare the prevalence of generalized hypermobility and faulty limb alignment in siblings with and without injury and (b) assess the relationship between generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment. Methods In this case‐controlled study, 24 siblings with ACL injuries from 10 families were matched with 24 healthy uninjured siblings from 10 unrelated families. Generalized hypermobility was assessed using Beighton's criteria. Chi‐square analyses compared generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment between siblings and sibling pairs with and without injuries. Spearman's rho was used to assess correlations between generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment. Results There were significant differences between the number of injured and uninjured siblings demonstrating generalized hypermobility when tallied individually (p = .003) and in same‐family sibling pairs (p = .019). Significant (or close) differences were found between siblings for knee hyperextension (p < .001), knee valgus (p = .01), and foot pronation (p = .002) and for sibling pairs sharing knee hyperextension (p < .001), knee valgus (p = .06), and foot pronation (p = .06). Generalized hypermobility correlated with knee hyperextension (rs = .722; p < .001), knee valgus (rs = .385; p = .007), and foot pronation (rs = .328; p = .023). Conclusions Generalized hypermobility and faulty limb alignment occur significantly more frequently in injured than uninjured families. Screening for both features would assist in identifying at‐risk siblings. Prevention programmes reduce ACL injuries by 50–70% and should target hypermobile siblings of the ACL injured.

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Femoral intercondylar notch width size: a comparison between siblings with and without anterior cruciate ligament injuries

Abstract: Case-control study, Level III.

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Morphology of Mouse Anterior Cruciate Ligament‐Complex Changes Following Exercise During Pubertal Growth

Morphology of Mouse Anterior Cruciate Ligament‐Complex Changes Following Exercise During Pubertal Growth

Intercondylar Notch Stenosis of Knee Osteoarthritis and Relationship between Stenosis and Osteoarthritis Complicated with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Generalized joint hypermobility in siblings with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and matched unrelated healthy siblings

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