Feminist Theory and Historical Practice: Rereading Elizabeth Blackwell

Morantz‐Sanchez, Regina

doi:10.2307/2505415

Cited by 7 publications

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“…The historiographic analysis therefore includes three of the types I am here trying to characterize. 90 Her fine study may thus serve to indicate how a general typology may be of use in close historical analysis of gender issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ways of knowing: towards a historical sociology of science, technology and medicine

Pickstone

1993

Brit. J. Hist. Sci

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Among the many groups of scholars whose work now illuminates science, technology and medicine (STM), 1 historians, it seems to me, have a key responsibility not just to elucidate change but to establish and explain variety. One of the big pictures we need is a model of the varieties of STM over time; one which does not presume the timeless existence of disciplines, or the distinctions between science, technology and medicine; a model which is both synchronic and diachronic, and both cognitive and social. To that end, this brief paper presents a historical typology of STM from about 1700 to the present by focusing on four ' ideal' socio-cognitive types -four knowledge structures which correspond to four sets of social relations. To some extent these are period specific, but they do not have to be -hence, one may hope, the flexibility and usefulness of the model.In the quest for models, the historiography of medicine proves particularly helpful. First, because of the breadth of the term 'medicine', which spans laboratories and state-policies, folk medicine and multi-national pharmaceutical companies. Secondly, because modern historiography of medicine, from its foundations in the 1930s, has been more closely related to social history than has most historiography of science. Thirdly, because of the French connection: from Georges Canguilhem to Michel Foucault and to Bruno Latour, the most notable of recent French analysts have been particularly concerned with biological sciences and medicine. Indeed the formulation with which I here begin, published in 1976 by Nicholas Jewson, was partly French in its inspiration.Historians of medicine will doubtless know Jewson's paper on 'The disappearance of the sick man' and perhaps his more detailed paper on patronage in eighteenth-century

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ways of knowing: towards a historical sociology of science, technology and medicine

Pickstone

1993

Brit. J. Hist. Sci

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Physiology, Hygiene and the Entry of Women to the Medical Profession in Edinburgh c. 1869–c. 1900

Thomson

2001

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in

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Androphobia, Demasculinization, and Professional Conflicts:The Herstories of the Physical Therapy Profession Deconstructed

Ottosson¹

2016

Social Science History

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Research on the beginning of the physical therapy profession in different countries often identifies it as a traditional female occupation. Its original semiprofessional character is also pointed out. It lacked professional attributes with masculine connotations, such as a high degree of autonomy and a unique scientific body of knowledge. But on all accounts this understanding is wrong. Originally the profession was an occupation for men only, who were very professionally independent and in charge of a state-sanctioned science of their own. Yet no modern physical therapists know about this, and neither do scholars studying the profession's origin. Why is that? The aim of this article is to highlight the gender mechanisms shaping a discourse strong enough to change our historical consciousness, in this case preventing us from seeing the masculine context out of which the physical therapy profession grew. The analysis explaining the phenomenon centers on two gender-altering and conflict-laden processes, one that was homosocial (men against men) and one that was heterosocial (women against men). Common to both was that they were ultimately powered by a fear of masculinity, here conceptualized as androphobia. Simplified the physical therapy profession came to be perceived as too masculine, and due to this its excess of masculinity was actively eliminated from the profession even in physical form (read: males). The profession was demasculinized and the same happened to its old history, which made the latter unwanted and finally obscured behind new herstories.

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Feminist Theory and Historical Practice: Rereading Elizabeth Blackwell

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Ways of knowing: towards a historical sociology of science, technology and medicine

Ways of knowing: towards a historical sociology of science, technology and medicine

Physiology, Hygiene and the Entry of Women to the Medical Profession in Edinburgh c. 1869–c. 1900

Androphobia, Demasculinization, and Professional Conflicts:The Herstories of the Physical Therapy Profession Deconstructed

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