Feminism, masculinity and male rape: bringing male rape ‘out of the closet’

Javaid, Aliraza

doi:10.1080/09589236.2014.959479

Cited by 57 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with other research (see Groth and Burgess 1980;Lees 1997;Allen 2002;Abdullah-Khan 2008;Javaid 2014aJavaid , 2015a. Men are often unable to defend themselves during their rape, which challenges hegemonic masculinity, because, like female rape victims, men are frozen with fear or with the threat of death.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For the most part, however, I felt that it was overshadowing my happiness and joy because I was made to relive the 6.1 6.2 Gailey and Prohaska 2011). I attempted to manage my own emotions, however, while I was at the 'front stage' (Goffman 1959) (Lees 1997;Weiss 2010;Turchik and Edwards 2012;Javaid 2014aJavaid , 2015aFerrales et al 2016). Male rape victims embody a subordinate form of masculinity; they are oppressed, relegated and made subordinate for not achieving hegemonic masculinity.…”

Section: Sociology Of Male Rape Victim Reflexivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Javaid

2017

Sociological Research Online

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This paper adopts the theoretical framework of hegemonic masculinity to elucidate and make sense of male sexual victimisation. Critically evaluating the empirical data, which comprises of police officers and practitioners in voluntary agencies (N = 70), that this paper offers, I argue that gender expectations, hegemonic masculinities and sexism prevail in societies, state and voluntary agencies. It has been found that, because male rape victims embody subordinate masculinities, they are marginalised as 'abnormal' and 'deviant'. They are, in other words, classified as the 'other' for challenging and contradicting hegemonic masculinity, disrupting the gender order of men. Consequently, male sexual victimisation is not taken seriously in services, policy and practice, whilst the victims of this crime type are relegated in the gender hierarchy. As a result, male rape victims suffer a 'masculinity crisis' in the context of male rape. This paper attempts to open up a dialogue regarding male rape and male sexual assault, to challenge hegemonic masculinity, and to bring male rape 'out of the closet'.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Sociology Of Male Rape Victim Reflexivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Javaid

2017

Sociological Research Online

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“…Socially constructed ideas of masculinity are not consistent with construction of the rape victim as weak, feminine, and defenseless (Javaid, 2014a). Therefore, based on socially constructed definitions of masculinity, 'real men' cannot be rape victims (Lees, 1997).…”

Section: Common Male Rape Myths In the Wider Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weiss (2010) found that, whilst 30% of female rape victims reported their rape to the police, only 15% of male rape victims reported their rape to the police. These figures, however, are likely to be underestimates of the scale of the issue of male rape, considering that many male rape victims are frequently reluctant to report their crime (Javaid, 2014a(Javaid, , 2014b(Javaid, , 2014c. This warrants research on male rape, in order to not only understand and explain the phenomenon using social theory, but also to encourage male rape victims to come forward and report, whilst raising awareness of male rape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Rape Myths: Understanding and Explaining Social Attitudes Surrounding Male Rape

Javaid¹

2015

mcs

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<p>This paper provides a critical review of the literature surrounding male rape, aimed at exploring how male rape myths shape society’s responses and attitudes to male victims of rape and integrates the literature from a theory driven perspective. In doing so, this theoretical paper reveals information relating to the barriers to recognition of male rape. These barriers are male rape myths that prevent male rape victims from coming forward and seeking the support that they merit. There has been a lack of research on male rape myths, although some research has documented such myths to be present in practice. These myths could be harmful because they may influence societies’ opinions of male rape victims, so this could affect the treatment and responses toward such victims. To understand and explain such myths so some attempt can be made at eradicating them, this paper will explore common male rape myths that seem to be prevalent in Western society. This paper will examine male rape myths in the areas of media, incarcerated settings, and the wider community, focusing on England and Wales, UK. This is important to do to recognise which myths are harmful and are facilitating the under-reporting of male rape. This paper will help raise awareness of male rape myths and not only attempt to tackle them, but also encourage male rape victims to come forward to report and seek the help that they merit. It will also address the gaps in the literature and areas ripe for research, so further empirical research can be conducted on male rape, highlighting ideas for future research and providing guidance in areas most needed in research on male rape. </p>

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“…As discussed above, there was a surprisingly high number of male identified OPs using Reddit to navigate their experiences. Male victims of sexual violence get little attention in academic literature and, until recently, have been predominantly represented through studies of sexual violence in prison or considered within a homosexual subculture (Abdullah-Khan 2008;Javaid 2014). This reinforces a substantial body of literature that claims that rape and sexual assault is a form of gender-based violence perpetrated within a patriarchal culture.…”

Section: Male Reportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

"ITT: Rape Analysts": Hosting Negotiations of Consent, Kink, and Violence in Virtual Space

Menzie¹

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This project examines the use of virtual space in navigating the meaning of consent after the fact. Recently, some individuals have begun to interrogate their own past sexual experiences through the use of online sex education forums, blogs, and subreddits. Through this process of eliciting community feedback, many have (re)framed these experiences as consensual or nonconsensual. Using data that was obtained from five distinct Reddit communities (or subreddits), comprised of 66 posts and over 4,000 comments, this thesis examines this process as both an extralegal, reflexive negotiation of consent, and a user-constructed virtual trial. This discussion posits that the use of these spaces (rather than traditional legal/institutional resolutions) is a response to the significant changes in how consent has been conceptualized within the mainstream; this is exemplified through academic literature theorizing consent and the shifts in Canadian governance of sexual assault.iii

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Feminism, masculinity and male rape: bringing male rape ‘out of the closet’

Cited by 57 publications

References 22 publications

The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Male Rape Myths: Understanding and Explaining Social Attitudes Surrounding Male Rape

"ITT: Rape Analysts": Hosting Negotiations of Consent, Kink, and Violence in Virtual Space

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