Feminism and Liberalism Reconsidered: The Case of Catharine MacKinnon

Schaeffer, Denise

doi:10.1017/s0003055401003082

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The major expression of gender inequality theory is liberal feminism, which argues that women may claim equality with men on the basis of an essential human capacity for reasoned moral agency, that gender inequality is the result of a patriarchal and sexist patterning of the division of labour, and that gender equality can be produced by transforming the division of labour through the re-patterning of key institutions -law, family, education and media (Pateman, 1999;Schaeffer, 2001). Liberal feminism is rooted in the classic liberal ideal that individuals should be free to develop their own talents and pursue their own interests.…”

Section: Social-conflict Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Earnings and Poverty Reduction: Post-Communist Uzbekistan

Bhat

2011

Journal of Asian and African Studies

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Women get less of the material resources, social status, power and opportunities for self-actualization than men do who share their social location – be it a location based on class, race, occupation, ethnicity, religion, education, nationality, or any intersection of these factors. The process of feminization of poverty in Central Asia and Uzbekistan is intimately connected to the cultural and institutional limitations that put a ceiling on women’s involvement in economic activity. This article attempts to study and explore gender in the context of poverty reduction in Uzbekistan, the most populated state of Central Asia, to understand the ways and manner in which poverty and other forms of deprivation demand women’s participation in variety of contexts. The study is primarily an empirical one and is based on an extensive sociological investigation in the field.

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Section: Social-conflict Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Earnings and Poverty Reduction: Post-Communist Uzbekistan

Bhat

2011

Journal of Asian and African Studies

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“…Barry's texts, by contrast, refuse this amoral reading. What emerges from Barry's work is precisely what Denise Schaeffer (2001) argues must be present in MacKinnon's work if it is to be coherent-namely, a notion of selfhood that is possessed of integrity and capable of agency. Barry writes:…”

Section: Prostitution As Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By extension, then, prostitution constitutes a purified form of male power: an industry of women paid to be subservient to male sexual 9. Denise Schaeffer (2001) insists that MacKinnon's system is not, in fact, total, emphasizing two key passages that she claims amount to a "careful qualification" of it: first, a sentence in which MacKinnon claims that patriarchy is only "nearly perfect," and another where she mentions a "shadow world" that women inhabit wherein they might glimpse the truth of their condition. These rather ambivalent "qualifications" are nevertheless belied by a preponderance of determinist passages throughout the entirety of MacKinnon's writings; to take only one (wholly representative) example: " [T]here is no such thing as a woman as such; there are only walking embodiments of men's projected needs.…”

Section: Prostitution As Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men, Masculinity, and Male Domination: Reframing Feminist Analyses of Sex Work

Schotten

2005

Pol Gender

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Prostitution has been considered by feminists as, alternatively, a gendered relation, an issue of sexuality, and a kind of labor. In this article, I argue for an integrated feminist analysis of sex work that focuses on the first and third of these, leaving the second in the background. I argue that this reconstructed feminist analysis must reject the moralism and determinism of the gendered critique, and radicalize the economic critique. It must also, I suggest, orient itself toward consideration of prostitution as a symptom or function of various masculinities. In all cases, feminism has considered sex work as a question or problem of women's agency and sexuality. Reversing this standard feminist approach offers important new directions for empirical research, and denaturalizes prostitution as an inevitable feature of human life. This denaturalization radicalizes the otherwise traditional policy debate over prostitution by allowing for a more revolutionary critique of the relations of domination that both govern and constitute sex work as a stigmatized, hierarchical, and exploitative practice. P rostitution has ever been, as Priscilla Alexander (1998) notes, "A Difficult Issue for Feminists," one that has engendered bitter academic debate and sometimes nasty political infighting. 1 The difficulty of this issue may be attributed, in part, to the extraordinary challenge of producing an adequate feminist theory of sex work that is sensitive to the many different kinds of prostitution that exist and the varied political,

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“…MacKinnon 1987; McIntosh and Segal 1992; A. Dworkin 1981; MacKinnon 1993; Dworkin and MacKinnon 1993; Barron and Kimmel, 2000; Schaeffer 2001), and religious circles condemn pornography for what they conceive as its immoral content. Liberals urge that we should try to respect both the interests of pornography consumers as well as those of feminist and religious circles (see Scanlon 2003, esp.…”

Section: On Compromisementioning

confidence: 99%

On Compromise and Coercion*

Cohen‐Almagor¹

2006

Ratio Juris

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Abstract. This essay addresses the concepts of compromise and coercion. When compromise takes place between two or more parties, reciprocity must be present; that is, the concessions are mutual. A relevant distinction is between principled and tactical compromise. A principled compromise refers to a mutual recognition by each side of the other's rights, which leads them to make concessions to enable them to meet on a middle ground. It is genuinely made in good faith and both sides reconcile themselves to the results. On the other hand, the notion of tactical compromise reflects a temporary arrangement reached as a result of constraints related to time. Here, in fact, agents do not give up any of their aims. They do not act in good faith and do not intend to meet their counterpart on a middle ground. Instead, they simply realize that the end could not be achieved at a given point of time, and they aim to reach it stage by stage. The essential component of compromise, namely, mutuality, is lacking. Next, the paper draws a further distinction between internalized coercion and designated coercion. Internalized coercion relates to the system of manipulation to which members of a certain sub-culture are subjected, which prevents them from realizing that they are being coerced to follow a certain conception that denies them basic rights. Designated coercion is individualistic in nature, aimed at a certain individual who rebels against the discriminatory norm. Unlike the internalized coercion it is not concerned with machinery aiming to convince the entire cultural group of an irrefutable truth; instead it is designed to exert pressure on uncertain, "confused" individuals so as to bring them back to their community.Ever since I assumed my present office my main purpose has been to work for the pacification of Europe, for the removal of those suspicions and those animosities which have so long poisoned the air. The path which leads to appeasement is long and bristles with obstacles. The question of Czechoslovakia is the latest and perhaps the most dangerous. Now that we have got past it, I feel that it may be possible to make further progress along the road to sanity.

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Feminism and Liberalism Reconsidered: The Case of Catharine MacKinnon

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Gender Earnings and Poverty Reduction: Post-Communist Uzbekistan

Gender Earnings and Poverty Reduction: Post-Communist Uzbekistan

Men, Masculinity, and Male Domination: Reframing Feminist Analyses of Sex Work

On Compromise and Coercion*

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