Femininities In The Discourse Of Khawateen Digest Of Pakistan

Abstract

Khawateen Digest, an Urdu magazine, is one of the important repositories of feminine culture in Pakistan from many decades. This work attempts to explore Khawateen Digest for representation of women and provides a focus on the traditional and patriarchal female images. It endeavours to analyse issues of women as discussed in Khawateen Digest from the feminist perspective of Millet (1970) and Weedon (1987) who opine that women's social roles in patriarchal societies are defined by men. Moreover, at times, the use of language for secondary sex is not only exploitative but also sexually abusive in the respective magazine. The analysis centers on magazines as linguistic and semiotic constructs. The linguistic and semiotic content of the magazine has been encoded from a masculine and patriarchal perspective and the researcher has tried to decode it from feminist linguistic (Cameron 1998) perspective. Hence, this article is an effort to highlight the exploitative, demeaning, belittling, subjugating, subordinating, controlling and marginalizing representations of women through the analysis of linguistic and semiotic content of KHAWATEEN DIGEST.

Reassurance Seeking Behavior and Interpersonal Difficulties in University Students: Mediating Role of Self-Esteem

“…The research findings revealed a negative relationship between anxiety, reassurance-seeking, and self-esteem while a positive relationship between anxiety and reassurance seeking behavior was found (Nappa et al, 2021). Pakistan is a patriarchal society, it is believed that women depend on male members in their surroundings and get attention from others to verify the sincerity of their partners (Sheikh & Ahmad, 2015). With time, individuals become older and get experience from every passing moment, learn the skills to maintain relationships, and get the reality of life.…”