Female rats are resilient to the behavioral effects of maternal separation stress and exhibit stress-induced neurogenesis

Lee, Yan Jun; Koe, Amelia S.; Ashokan, Archana; Mitra, Rupshi

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04753

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Distinct behavioral responses, and challenges in interpretation of animal behaviors, may contribute to reports of paradoxical stress “resilience” in female rodents (Bowman et al, 2003; Lee et al, 2020; Luine et al, 2017) compared with the opposite in humans (Li & Graham, 2017). Social stress‐related behaviors are not comparable between male and female mice, just as behavioral features of anxiety and depression are sexually distinct in humans (Carter et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite clearly dimorphic outcomes with psychosocial stress (Goel & Bale, 2009), most preclinical studies to date have been conducted in male animals (Kokras & Dalla, 2014; Tamashiro et al, 2005), and those that do specifically assess sex‐dependent responses yield conflicting results, including evidence of a paradoxical resilience in female versus male rodents (as opposed to female susceptibility in humans) (Bowman et al, 2003; Dalla et al, 2005; Lee et al, 2020; Luine et al, 2017). The basis of these opposing outcomes is unclear, although the type of stressor is relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex‐specific behavioral, neurobiological, and cardiovascular responses to chronic social stress in mice

Helman

Headrick

Vider

et al. 2022

J of Neuroscience Research

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Psychosocial stress promotes and links mood and cardiovascular disorders in a sex‐specific manner. However, findings in animal models are equivocal, in some cases opposing human dimorphisms. We examined central nervous system (CNS), behavioral, endocrine, cardiac, and hepatic outcomes in male or female C57Bl/6 mice subjected to chronic social stress (56 days of social isolation, with intermittent social confrontation encounters twice daily throughout the final 20 days). Females exhibited distinct physiological and behavioral changes, including relative weight loss, and increases in coronary resistance, hepatic inflammation, and thigmotaxic behavior in the open field. Males evidence reductions in coronary resistance and cardiac ischemic tolerance, with increased circulating and hippocampal monoamine levels and emerging anhedonia. Shared CNS gene responses include reduced hippocampal Maoa and increased Htr1b expression, while unique responses include repression of hypothalamic Ntrk1 and upregulation of cortical Nrf2 and Htr1b in females; and repression of hippocampal Drd1 and hypothalamic Gabra1 and Oprm in males. Declining cardiac stress resistance in males was associated with repression of cardiac leptin levels and metabolic, mitochondrial biogenesis, and anti‐inflammatory gene expression. These integrated data reveal distinct biological responses to social stress in males and females, and collectively evidence greater biological disruption or allostatic load in females (consistent with propensities to stress‐related mood and cardiovascular disorders in humans). Distinct stress biology, and molecular to organ responses, emphasize the importance of sex‐specific mechanisms and potential approaches to stress‐dependent disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific behavioral, neurobiological, and cardiovascular responses to chronic social stress in mice

Helman

Headrick

Vider

et al. 2022

J of Neuroscience Research

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“The wrong tools for the right job”: a critical meta-analysis of traditional tests to assess behavioural impacts of maternal separation

2022

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Rationale Unconditioned tasks in rodents have been the mainstay of behavioural assessment for decades, but their validity and sensitivity to detect the behavioural consequences of early life stress (ELS) remains contentious and highly variable. Objectives In the present study, we carried out a meta-analysis to investigate whether persistent behavioural effects, as assessed using unconditioned procedures in rats, are a reliable consequence of early repeated maternal separation, a commonly used procedure in rodents to study ELS. Methods A literature search identified 100 studies involving maternally separated rats and the following unconditioned procedures: the elevated plus maze (EPM); open field test (OFT); sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swim task (FST). Studies were included for analysis if the separation of offspring from the dam was at least 60 min every day during the pre-weaning period prior to the start of adolescence. Results Our findings show that unconditioned tasks are generally poor at consistently demonstrating differences between control and separated groups with pooled effect sizes that were either small or non-existent (EPM: Hedge’s g = − 0.35, p = 0.01, OFT: Hedge’s g = − 0.32, p = 0.05, SPT: Hedge’s g = − 0.33, p = 0.21, FST: Hedge’s g = 0.99, p = 0.0001). Despite considerable procedural variability between studies, heterogeneity statistics were low; indicating the lack of standardization in the maternal separation protocol was the not the cause of these inconsistent effects. Conclusions Our findings indicate that in general, unconditioned tests of depression and anxiety are not sufficient to reveal the full behavioural repertoire of maternal separation stress should not be relied upon in isolation. We argue that more objective tasks that sensitively detect specific cognitive processes are better suited for translational research on stress-related disorders such as depression.

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The influence of maternal separation on the development of voiding and behavior in rat pups

Kamijo

Miyazato

2023

Continence

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Female rats are resilient to the behavioral effects of maternal separation stress and exhibit stress-induced neurogenesis

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Sex‐specific behavioral, neurobiological, and cardiovascular responses to chronic social stress in mice

Sex‐specific behavioral, neurobiological, and cardiovascular responses to chronic social stress in mice

“The wrong tools for the right job”: a critical meta-analysis of traditional tests to assess behavioural impacts of maternal separation

The influence of maternal separation on the development of voiding and behavior in rat pups

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