Female genital mutilation/cutting: going beyond urogynecologic complications and obstetric outcomes

Female genital mutilation: Overview and dermatologic relevance

“…Immediately following the surgery, individuals can experience various short-term complications including significant pain related to nerve end damage, bleeding from cutting the clitoral artery or other blood vessels, infections from contaminated instruments, damage to the urethra causing urinary disturbances, and impaired wound healing. 12 In particular, hemorrhage or infection can become life-threatening and cause morbidity.…”

“…Women with FGM have higher rates of emergency caesarean sections, postpartum hemorrhage, obstetric tears, instrumental deliveries, and extended maternal hospital stays. 12 A recent systematic review found that women who underwent FGM were twice as likely as those without FGM to experience dyspareunia, perineal tears, prolonged labor, and episiotomy. 18 …”