Female Genital Mutilation and Obstetric Outcomes: Flawed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Does Not Accurately Reflect the Available Evidence

Meirik, Olav; Banks, Emily; Farley, Tmm; Akande, O; Bathija, Heli; Ali, Mohamed M.

doi:10.1155/2014/205230

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…With respect to obstetric outcomes and postpartum perineal re‐education, 24 references were identified (Table ): 16 research studies; five clinical guidelines; one expert opinion; one policy statement; and one letter to the editor . On defibulation performed outside of pregnancy or labour, nine references were identified: four research articles; one guideline; three expert opinions; and one case report .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted in Africa have shown that FGM is associated with increased risks of caesarean section, postpartum haemorrhage, episiotomy, extended maternal hospital stay, resuscitation of the infant, low‐birthweight infant, and inpatient perinatal death . Studies performed in Western settings, however, suggest that a high standard of obstetric care (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research gaps in the care of women with female genital mutilation: an analysis

Abdulcadir

Rodríguez

Say

2014

BJOG

107

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) includes procedures involving the partial or total removal of the external female genitals for non-therapeutic reasons. They can have negative psychosexual and health consequences that need specific care. In this paper, we review some key knowledge gaps in the clinical care of women with FGM, focusing on obstetric outcomes, surgical interventions (defibulation and clitoral reconstruction), and the skills and training of healthcare professionals involved in the prevention and management of FGM. We identify research priorities to improve the evidence necessary to establish guidelines for the best multidisciplinary care, communication, and prevention, and to improve health-promotion measures for women with FGM.Keywords Clitoral reconstruction, defibulation, female genital cutting, female genital mutilation, female genital mutilation/ cutting, obstetric outcome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research gaps in the care of women with female genital mutilation: an analysis

Abdulcadir

Rodríguez

Say

2014

BJOG

107

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“…In this study, the adverse maternal obstetric outcomes associated with FGM were: increased risk of cesarean section, episiotomy, prolonged labor, perineal tears. Several studies have revealed similar adverse outcomes in these FGM victims [15,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. This may be explained by the fact that following FGM, the scar tissue which is less elastic than the normal perineal and vaginal tissue might cause differing degrees of obstruction leading to tears or episiotomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Female Genital Mutilation and Obstetric Outcomes in the Far-North Region, Cameroon: A Case - Control Study

Halle-Ekane

Guidona

Mbuagbaw

et al. 2019

ACRI

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Various forms of Female Genital Mutilations (FGMs) have been performed for several years and continue to be practiced with serious consequences. Aims: The study aimed at assessing the socio-demographic profile, prevalence, types of FGM, and associated obstetric outcomes in the Far North Region, Cameroon. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Four health facilities in the aforementioned region from 4th February, 2017 to 28th April 2017. Methods: We included 213 parturients matched for age and parity in a proportion of 1:2 (71 with FGM and 142 counterparts). Data was collected on their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of FGM and obstetric outcomes. Each parturient’s labor was monitored using a partograph and intermittent fetal heart rate auscultation. The mother-neonate dyads were followed up until discharge from the hospital. Data were analyzed using Epi Info™ version 7. Results: The mean age of parturients was 23.8 years (SD: 5.8 years). The prevalence of FGM was 28.7%. Most participants had FGM before the age of ten for the following reasons: cultural, marital, social acceptability and suppression of sexual desires. Female genital mutilation was significantly associated with Caesarian section (RR:2.91; 95% CI: 1.43-5.93; p=0.002), episiotomy (RR 8.0: 95% CI 1.56-17.26) P=0.03), perineal tears (RR: 3.67; 95% CI: 1.93-6.98; p<0.001), prolonged labor (RR:2.7; 95% CI 1.44-5.09; p<0.001), and neonatal resuscitation (RR:.44; 95% CI: 1.59-12.18; p=0.002). However, only perineal tears (Adjusted RR:5.58; 95% CI: 2.49-12.53; p<0.001) and episiotomy (Adjusted RR 11.52; 95% CI: 1.16-114.69; p= 0.03) were independently associated with FGM on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The prevalence of FGM was high. FGMs were associated with maternal and fetal morbidity. Therefore, mass sensitization on the consequences of FGM, utilization of ANC services and health facility child births should be encouraged.

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“…This is our response to Meirik, Banks, Farley, Akande, Bathija, and Ali's letter to the editor from March 2015 [ 1 ], where they comment on our paper “The Obstetric Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” [ 2 ] and a linked technical report. Unfortunately, we were not informed about their letter; hence our response was late.…”

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confidence: 99%