Female Genital and Vaginal Plastic Surgery: An Overview

Placik, Otto J.; Devgan, Lara

doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000005883

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…19,20 The present analysis determined that VVA ought to be under the domain of gynecologists rather than under those of plastic surgeons and cosmetologists. 21,22 Moreover, the decision to opt for different techniques for vaginal tightening and revitalization should be taken very carefully, utilizing the shared decision-making approach. 15 Ethical aspects and moral considerations are key points to keep in mind before embarking in the VVAPs purely for cosmetic reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness about Vulvovaginal Aesthetics Procedures among Medical Students and Health Professionals in Saudi Arabia

Iqbal

Akkour

Bano

et al. 2021

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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Objective The present study aimed to explore the opinion and ethical consideration of vulvovaginal aesthetics procedures (VVAPs) among health professionals and medical students in Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study performed between January 2020 and April 2020. Data was collected through electronic media, WhatsApp, and emails. The results were analyzed by applying the Students t-test, and correlations were considered significant if they presented a p-value < 0.05. Results There is significant demand to educate doctors, health professionals, medical students, and gynecologists for the VVAPs to have a solid foundation, justified indications, and knowledge about various aesthetic options. Although female doctors, medical students, young doctors, and gynecologists have more knowledge about VVAPs, all health professionals ought to be aware of recent trends in vulvovaginal aesthetics (VVA). The present analysis determined that VVA should be under the domain of gynecologists, rather than under that of plastic surgeons, general surgeons, and cosmetologists. The majority of the participants considered that vaginal rejuvenation, “G-spot” augmentation, clitoral surgery, and hymenoplasty are not justifiable on medical grounds. Conclusion The decision to opt for different techniques for vaginal tightening and revitalization should be taken very carefully, utilizing the shared decision-making approach. Ethical aspects and moral considerations are important key factors before embarking in the VVAPs purely for cosmetic reasons. Further research is required to determine the sexual, psychological, and body image outcomes for women who underwent elective VVAPs. Moreover, medical educators must consider VVAPs as part of the undergraduate and postgraduate medical curriculum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness about Vulvovaginal Aesthetics Procedures among Medical Students and Health Professionals in Saudi Arabia

Iqbal

Akkour

Bano

et al. 2021

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet

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“…3 This rise, which is global, has been attributed to several reasons, including functional, sexual, and appearance-related concerns; online access to information; the proliferation of photographs on the internet; depilation; negative comments; and cultural influences. 4–40…”

Section: The Safe Practice Of Female Genital Plastic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…45,46 Validated questionnaires can provide an objective measure of symptoms and motivations. 7,9,10,15,17,29,30,33,47,48 As with any aesthetic procedure, the surgeon should vet patients for unrealistic expectations and body dysmorphic disorder. Body dysmorphic disorder is defined Related Digital Media are available in the full-text version of the article on www.PRSGlobalOpen.com.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Safe Practice of Female Genital Plastic Surgery

Furnas

Canales²,

Pedreira

et al. 2021

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Summary: The purpose of this article is to guide surgeons in the safe practice of female genital plastic surgery when the number of such cases is steadily increasing. A careful review of salient things to look for in the patient’s motivation, medical history, and physical examination can help the surgeon wisely choose best candidates. The anatomy is described, with particular attention given to the variations not generally described in textbooks or articles. Descriptions are included for labiaplasty, including clitoral hood reduction, majoraplasty, monsplasty, and perineoplasty with vaginoplasty. Reduction of anesthetic risks, deep venous thromboses, and pulmonary emboli are discussed, with special consideration for avoidance of nerve injury and compartment syndrome. Postoperative care of a variety of vulvovaginal procedures is discussed. Videos showing anatomic variations and surgical techniques of common female genital procedures with recommendations to reduce the complication rate are included in the article.

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“…On the other hand, vaginal plastic surgery or vaginal rejuvenation has been shown to be an effective treatment for vaginal laxity caused by childbirth, aging or estrogen deficiency (7). From 2014 to 2019, vaginal rejuvenation, including surgical or nonsurgical interventions, increased nearly 220% and is currently practiced by over 25% of plastic surgeons (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strategy for vaginal rejuvenation: CO2 laser or vaginoplasty?

Cheng¹,

Cao²,

Ma³

et al. 2021

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Vaginal laxity may result from trauma to the pelvic floor muscle, which may affect patients' sensation and quality of life. Vaginal rejuvenation, including surgical or nonsurgical interventions, aims to improve laxity. In this study, we aimed to establish a strategy for vaginal rejuvenation by comparing surgical and nonsurgical methods.Methods: A retrospective clinical study was performed on patients who complained about vaginal laxity from 2017 to 2019. The degree of vaginal laxity severity was evaluated by vaginal examination in each patient.The patients were categorized as having a light, moderate or severe degree of vaginal laxity, and different correction methods were chosen accordingly. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire was administered to the patients preoperatively and at three months and one year after treatment.Results: Seventeen patients with severe-degree vaginal laxity were treated with vaginoplasty. The total FSFI score was 23.21±2.57 before the operation and significantly increased to 29.36±1.84 (P<0.01) at one year after surgery. Eleven patients with moderate-degree vaginal laxity were treated with vaginoplasty and had a significant improvement in the total FSFI score at one year after surgery (29.86±1.74, P<0.01) compared with the FSFI score before surgery (23.41±2.84). Three patients with moderate-degree vaginal laxity were treated with a CO 2 laser and tended to have increased FSFI scores but did not show significant improvement after the operation. CO 2 laser treatment was performed on 16 patients with light-degree vaginal laxity. The total FSFI score improved from 23.76±2.35 to 26.16±2.58 at one year (P<0.05). Conclusions:The strategy for vaginal rejuvenation should be selected based on the degree of vaginal laxity severity. Surgical treatment is suitable for severe-and moderate-degree vaginal laxity while nonsurgical treatment is suitable for light-degree vaginal laxity.

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Female Genital and Vaginal Plastic Surgery: An Overview

Cited by 34 publications

References 73 publications

Awareness about Vulvovaginal Aesthetics Procedures among Medical Students and Health Professionals in Saudi Arabia

Awareness about Vulvovaginal Aesthetics Procedures among Medical Students and Health Professionals in Saudi Arabia

The Safe Practice of Female Genital Plastic Surgery

The strategy for vaginal rejuvenation: CO2 laser or vaginoplasty?

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