Female bovine blastocysts are more prone to apoptosis than male ones

Ghys, Emmanuelle; Dallemagne, Matthew; Troy, Delphine De; Sauvegarde, Caroline; Errachid, Abdelmounaim; Donnay, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.050

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This revealed that female PCEtOH embryos had a reduced ICM count. This sex-specific outcome was an interesting finding as another pre-implantation perturbation of IVF, as well as mutant mouse models of X-linked genes, have shown female embryos to develop more deleterious phenotypes than males, including increased cell death and perturbed differentiation (Ghys et al, 2015, Tan et al, 2016a, 2016b, reviewed by Kalisch-Smith et al (2017a. This is contrary to the current dogma that males appear to be more affected in response to developmental perturbations, as in models of undernutrition when assessed at pre-implantation (Kwong et al, 2006), or postnatal (Kwong, 2000, Jungheim et al, 2010.…”

Section: Pc-etoh Exposure On Development Of the Pre-implantation Embryomentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This dimorphism in glucose metabolism is contrary to that in placentation which suggests that males and females show the same glucose uptake in response to stress, indicating greater regulation during mid-late gestation (Cuffe, 2011(Cuffe, , 2014a. Other studies suggest female blastocysts to be more susceptible to apoptosis prior implantation (Tan et al, 2016b, Ghys et al, 2015. Expression profiles of male and female blastocysts show sexual dimorphism of both X-linked and autosomal genes (Bermejo-Alvarez et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Evidence Of Sexual Dimorphism In the Early Embryomentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Both hormone induced ovulation and in vitro culture techniques are implicated in causing stress to the early embryo, influencing its development (Giritharan et al, 2012, de Waal et al, 2012 and therefore may be potential confounders for the determination of basal sex differences. Current analysis in vitro, suggests male mouse (Tsunoda et al, 1985, Burgoyne, 1993, Valdivia et al, 1993, Peippo and Bredbacka, 1995Perez-Crespo et al, 2005, and bovine (Avery et al, 1992, Xu et al, 1992, Ghys et al, 2015 embryos develop to the blastocyst stage at a faster rate than female embryos. Quantification of cell number in vitro supports this outcome, with males displaying increased total, TE or ICM count (Ghys et al, 2015, Tan et al, 2016b, Dumoulin et al, 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current analysis in vitro, suggests male mouse (Tsunoda et al, 1985, Burgoyne, 1993, Valdivia et al, 1993, Peippo and Bredbacka, 1995Perez-Crespo et al, 2005, and bovine (Avery et al, 1992, Xu et al, 1992, Ghys et al, 2015 embryos develop to the blastocyst stage at a faster rate than female embryos. Quantification of cell number in vitro supports this outcome, with males displaying increased total, TE or ICM count (Ghys et al, 2015, Tan et al, 2016b, Dumoulin et al, 2005. However, there is conflicting evidence in human (Dumoulin et al, 2005, Richter et al, 2006, Weston et al, 2009, bovine (Holm et al, 1998, Bermejo-Alvarez et al, 2010a, porcine (Kaminski et al, 1996, Lechniak et al, 2000, and in vivo derived mouse model (Peippo and Bredbacka, 1995), which rather show equal developmental rates between the sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sexual dimorphism is also suggested to exist in blastocyst physiology. Metabolic rate (Tiffin et al, 1991) and stress responses (Perez-Crespo et al, 2005) are suggested to be heightened in males, while females seem to more susceptible to cell death (Ghys et al, 2015, Tan et al, 2016b. Expression profiles of bovine male and female blastocysts show sexual dimorphism of both X-linked and autosomal genes , 2010b, whilst sexual dimorphism has also been shown in expression profiles as early as the 8-cell stage in the mouse (Lowe et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Maternal Periconceptional Ethanol Exposure on the Development of the Pre-Implantation Embryo, Placenta, and the Influence of the Uterine Environment

Kalisch-Smith¹

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Exposure of the embryo or fetus to perturbations in utero can result in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a primary risk factor for the development of adult disease.One critical window that can result in developmental programming, is the periconceptional period which comprises maturation of the oocyte, conception and the formation of the blastocyst prior to embryo implantation. Alcohol is a common exposure during this period, as it is consumed prior to pregnancy recognition, and often ceases soon after. Maternal periconceptional alcohol exposure (PC-EtOH) in rat dams has been previously shown to cause fetal growth restriction and changes to the late gestation placenta. PC-EtOH also results in the development of adult onset disease, including insulin insensitivity, often in a sexually dimorphic manner. However, the mechanisms by which PC-EtOH can cause programming are relatively unexplored. This thesis aimed to characterise the effects of alcohol on 1. sex-specific pre-implantation development and trophoblast differentiation using in vitro (cell culture) and in vivo (rodent model) techniques, 2. alterations to the early uterine environment and 3. the interactions and communication between the embryo and uterus, and the resultant impacts on placental development across gestation.The direct effect of EtOH on in vitro differentiation was assessed in mouse trophoblast stem cells (Chapter 4). Results demonstrated that doses of 0.2% and 1% EtOH reduced total cell count and expression of trophoblast subtype markers at terminal differentiation (day 6 of culture). Using our in vivo rat model, we also examined basal sex differences in blastocyst and placental development from pre-implantation to lategestation in naturally cycling dams (Chapter 3). Although there were no significant differences between sexes in pre-implantation development (blastocyst cell numbers, trophoblast differentiation), by mid-gestation (E15) placentas from males were heavier and had increased blood space volume and surface area (to both maternal and fetal compartments) than those from females. This likely contributed to the greater fetal body weight in males at E20. This study confirmed the need to examine the effects of PC-EtOH in a sexually dimorphic manner across all of pregnancy.To study the effects of PC-EtOH in vivo, Sprague-Dawley rat dams were given a liquid diet containing either control (0% v/v EtOH) or EtOH (12.5% v/v EtOH) from embryonic (E) day -4 to E4. The following day dams were returned to chow for the remainder of 3 gestation. Dams were sacrificed at E5 to determine cell number of the pre-implantation embryo and its capacity to differentiate into cells required for invasion (Chapter 5).Pre-implantation studies showed PC-EtOH altered inner cell mass count, trophoblast differentiation to trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) and trophoblast behaviour in a sexually dimorphic manner, with females showing the most deleterious outcomes. PC-EtOH females also showed reduced expression of Prl4a1, a gene exclusively expressed by TGCs...

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Section: Pc-etoh Exposure On Development Of the Pre-implantation Embryomentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Evidence Of Sexual Dimorphism In the Early Embryomentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Effects of Maternal Periconceptional Ethanol Exposure on the Development of the Pre-Implantation Embryo, Placenta, and the Influence of the Uterine Environment

Kalisch-Smith¹

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Long term effects of ART: What do animals tell us?

Duranthon

Chavatte‐Palmer

2018

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Early stages of mammalian embryonic development are now known to be very sensitive to their microenvironment, with long term effects on fetal, postnatal, and adult health, thus extending to these early stages the concept of Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DoHaD). In this scientific context, and with 3% of births in developed countries, safety of Assisted Reproductive Techniques procedures becomes a matter of concern. Besides, embryo technologies in domestic mammals, using huge number of embryos, do not seem to evidence heavy impacts on adult phenotypes. This paper first discusses what can or cannot be concluded from farm animal data, then develops long term effects of ART procedures (ovarian stimulation, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture) evidenced in model species (mainly mouse model). Recent literature demonstrates both individual and cumulative effects of each ART procedure on fetal and postnatal phenotypes. In a second part, because they are sources for further perturbations, immediate effects of ART on early embryo phenotypes at the cellular and molecular levels are described in both farm animals and model species. Mechanistic hypotheses supporting these ART induced phenotypic alterations are subsequently considered. Finally, taking into account interspecies differences in the mechanisms likely to be involved, the relevance of results obtained in animal models for human ART are discussed.

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Sexual dimorphic expression and release of transcription factors in bovine embryos exposed to oxidative stress

Taqi

Saeed‐Zidane

Gebremedhn

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Sexually dimorphic differences in genome activity, which is orchestrated by transcription factors (TFs), could explain the differential response of male and female embryos to environmental stressors. To proof this hypothesis, the expression of cellular and extracellular TFs was investigated in male and female bovine embryos in vitro cultured either under low (5%) or high (20%) oxygen levels. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), total cell number, expression of nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2) factor 2 (NFE2L2), Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4), notch receptor 1 (NOTCH1), E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), and SREBF2 along with extracellular vesicles (EVs) biogenesis genes were assessed at the blastocyst stage and their released EVs. Low blastocyst rate in both sexes due to oxidative stress (OS) was accompanied by increased ROS accumulation and reduced cell number in female embryos. The messenger RNA and protein levels of NFE2L2, as well as KLF4 expression, were higher in male embryos exposed to OS compared with female embryos. However, the expression of NOTCH1 and E2F1 was higher in female embryos cultured in high oxygen level. Male embryos exposed to OS released more EVs enriched with NFE2L2, superoxide dismutase 1, and NOTCH1 accompanied by elevated expression of EVs biogenesis genes. Accordingly, differential expression of TFs and their release into spent media could partially explain the sexual dimorphic response of bovine embryos to environmental stresses.

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Female bovine blastocysts are more prone to apoptosis than male ones

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

The Effects of Maternal Periconceptional Ethanol Exposure on the Development of the Pre-Implantation Embryo, Placenta, and the Influence of the Uterine Environment

The Effects of Maternal Periconceptional Ethanol Exposure on the Development of the Pre-Implantation Embryo, Placenta, and the Influence of the Uterine Environment

Long term effects of ART: What do animals tell us?

Sexual dimorphic expression and release of transcription factors in bovine embryos exposed to oxidative stress

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