Female alcoholics. II. The expression of alcoholism in relation to gender and age

Blankfield, Adele

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05479.x

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…It is widely accepted that in alcoholic adult populations, males drink more than females, yet females show 'telescoped' development of alcohol-related problems (defined by a faster progression to dependence and more physical problems as a result of alcohol use) (Blankfield, 1990;Piazza et al, 1989;Randall et al, 1999). Recently, investigators and clinicians have focused on gender differences in adolescents with SUD, and the results are generally in agreement with those of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gender Differences in Dependence Symptoms and Psychiatric Severity in Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders

Thomas

Deas

Grindlinger

2003

Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse

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One hundred adolescent inpatients (42% female) seeking treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD) were compared by gender on several substance use and psychiatric variables. Adolescents were assessed with the Comprehensive Addiction Severity Index (C-ASI) and other standardized assessment instruments. Results showed that females were more likely than males to endorse dependence symptoms and report experiencing dependence symptoms at a younger age. Females also progressed faster to regular use of drugs than males. Females were more likely than males to begin substance use with cigarettes, whereas males typically began substance use with alcohol. Suicidality was more common in females, but groups did not differ on the prevalence of depression diagnoses or on previous psychiatric treatment history. Future studies are needed to investigate possible physiologic/psychologic bases of the greater susceptibility for females to report substance dependence symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gender Differences in Dependence Symptoms and Psychiatric Severity in Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders

Thomas

Deas

Grindlinger

2003

Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse

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“…Skinner found that the unfavourable consequences of drinking correlated more strongly with the reported amounts of alcohol consumed (r = 0.58) rather than the number of years spent drinking (r = 0.33) (5,6). The present study confirmed a definite relationship between MAST scores and the reported daily amount of alcohol intake (19).…”

Section: Mast Score and Alcohol Intakesupporting

confidence: 79%

“…An epidemiological community survey has confirmed the constrained social behaviour in unidentified elderly male alcoholics (29). Less disruptive social behaviours have been described in female (17,19,25) and elderly (19,29,30) alcoholics and other possible areas of exploration have been suggested (17,30).…”

Section: Diagnostic Difficulties and Alcoholismmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A greater proportion of males reported arrests or fights when drunk than female subjects and these behaviours diminished with increasing age ( P < 0.001) (19). There was also a slight tendency for employed males to report fewer job losses and drunken fights.…”

Section: Specific Mast Itemsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…They were all alcohol-dependent and primary drug dependence had been excluded. The selection procedure is detailed elsewhere (18,19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female alcoholics. III. Some clinical associations of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and diagnostic implications

Blankfield

Maritz

1990

Acta Psychiatr Scand

Self Cite

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In an age-matched sample of male and female inpatient alcoholics of the same ethnic background, the mean Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) score declined significantly with age group and was lowest in elderly people. Females and first-admission subjects recorded lower mean MAST scores. A correlation was noted in both sexes between reported alcohol consumption and MAST scores. Although screening tests such as MAST have been found of value in detecting alcoholism in high-risk populations, this study of some of the MAST parameters in a clinical population suggests that some of the "invisible" and older alcoholics might not be grossly disturbed persons and that other more subtle behavioural clues to diagnosis should be determined. Despite the limitations inherent in any diagnostic technique, the ultimate detection of invisible alcoholics lies at the interface of clinical judgement, the use of screening tests, community awareness and the development of personal responsibility.

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Predictive Value of Family History on Severity of Illness

Milne¹,

Caspi²,

Harrington³

et al. 2009

Arch Gen Psychiatry

138

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Context If family history is associated with clinical features that are thought to index seriousness of disorder, this could inform clinicians predicting patients’ prognosis and researchers selecting cases for genetic studies. Although tests of associations between family history and clinical features are numerous for depression, such tests are relatively lacking for other disorders. Objective To test the hypothesis that family history is associated with 4 clinical indexes of disorder (recurrence, impairment, service use, and age at onset) in relation to 4 psychiatric disorders (major depressive episode, anxiety disorder, alcohol dependence, and drug dependence). Design Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting New Zealand. Participants A total of 981 members of the 1972 to 1973 Dunedin Study birth cohort (96% retention). Main Outcome Measures For each disorder, family history scores were calculated as the proportion of affected family members from data on 3 generations of the participants’ families. Data collected prospectively at the study’s repeated assessments (ages 11–32 years) were used to assess recurrence, impairment, and age at onset; data collected by means of a life history calendar at age 32 years were used to assess service use. Results Family history was associated with the presence of all 4 disorder types. In addition, family history was associated with a more recurrent course for all 4 disorders (but not significantly for women with depression), worse impairment, and greater service use. Family history was not associated with younger age at onset for any disorder. Conclusions Associations between family history of a disorder and clinical features of that disorder in probands showed consistent direction of effects across depression, anxiety disorder, alcohol dependence, and drug dependence. For these disorder types, family history is useful for determining patients’ clinical prognosis and for selecting cases for genetic studies.

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Female alcoholics. II. The expression of alcoholism in relation to gender and age

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Gender Differences in Dependence Symptoms and Psychiatric Severity in Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders

Gender Differences in Dependence Symptoms and Psychiatric Severity in Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders

Female alcoholics. III. Some clinical associations of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and diagnostic implications

Predictive Value of Family History on Severity of Illness

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