Felt Stigma in Injection Drug Users and Sex Workers: Focus Group Research with HIV-Risk Populations in Puerto Rico

Jiménez, Julio; Puig, Marieva; Sala, Ana; Ramos, Juan Carlos; Castro, Eida; Morales, Marangelie; Santiago, Lydia E.; Zorrilla, Carmen

doi:10.1080/14780880903061812

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The rate of social stigma in unsafe sexual behavior was higher than other ways of transmission. Previous findings were consistent with the results of our study [26][27][28], and others had conflicting results [20]. Herrick et al reported that high-risk behaviors, especially sexual relationships, bear the brunt of social stigma in society [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The number of sample was determined using following formula: α (two-tailed) = 0.05 β = 0.20 r = 0.34 (expected correlation coefficient between emotional social support and HIV patient) [16] Sample size = N = [(Z α + Z β )/C] 2 + 3 = 102, where standard normal deviate for α = Z α = 1.96, standard normal deviate for β = Z β =1. 28, and C = 0.5 × ln [(1 + 0.34)/ (1 -0.34)] = 0.354. Total samples were selected by simple random sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship between social support and social stigma among AIDS patients in Shiraz

Eisapareh¹,

Nazari²,

Kaveh³

et al. 2022

HIV & AIDS Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most significant diseases that often carry social stigma due to its' association with addiction and behavioral disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and social stigma among AIDS patients in Shiraz. Material and methods:For this cross-sectional study, hundred patients of Shiraz Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center were selected using regular random method. After data collection with demographic questionnaire, including Wax et al. social support questionnaire and Burger stigma scale, data were analyzed using SPSS 21 version with descriptive statistics (frequency, mean) and analytical statistics (t-test, ANOVA, c 2 , and univariate linear regression). Results:The mean age of participants was 40.4 ± 9.5. There were 73 (73%) male patients, and fifty-five patients (55%) were married. In correlation between social support and social stigma, relationship was inverse (r = -0.025) but was not statistically significant (p = 0.803). A relationship between disclosed sub-scale and social support was significant (p = 0.039). The results of this study showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between number of children and level of social stigma (p = 0.024). Moreover, a statistically significant relationship between mode of disease transmission and level of social stigma was observed (p = 0.001). Conclusions:This study concluded that there is an inverse relationship between social support and social stigma. By increasing social support, it is possible to reduce perceived social stigma of AIDS patients and increase their self-esteem.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between social support and social stigma among AIDS patients in Shiraz

Eisapareh¹,

Nazari²,

Kaveh³

et al. 2022

HIV & AIDS Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specifically, those with negative attitudes towards injection drug users held more stigmatizing AIDS attitudes (26, 28). Further, drug injection users affected by HIV cite the stigma of drug injection use as a major reason for delaying medical care (58, 59). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acculturation and Drug Use Stigma Among Latinos and African Americans: An Examination of a Church-Based Sample

Flórez

Derose

Breslau

et al. 2015

J Immigrant Minority Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Substance use patterns among Latinos likely reflect changes in attitudes resulting from acculturation, but little is known about Latinos’ attitudes regarding drug addiction. Methods We surveyed a church-based sample of Latinos and African Americans (N=1,235) about attitudes toward drug addiction and socio-demographics. Linear regression models compared Latino subgroups with African-Americans. Results In adjusted models, Latinos had significantly higher drug addiction stigma scores compared to African Americans across all subgroups (U.S.-born Latinos, β = 0.22, p<.05; foreign-born Latinos with high English proficiency, β = 0.30, p<.05; and foreign-born Latinos with low English proficiency, β =0.49, p<.001). Additionally, Latinos with low English proficiency had significantly higher mean levels of drug use stigma compared Latinos with high proficiency (both foreign-born and U.S.-born). Discussion In this church-affiliated sample, Latinos’ drug addiction stigma decreases with acculturation, but remains higher among the most acculturated Latinos compared to African-Americans. These attitudes may pose a barrier to treatment for Latino drug users.

show abstract

“…A high proportion of people who use injection drugs live also with HIV [1,2,13], hepatitis C [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and hepatitis B [13,18,20]. People who inject drug are often marginalized and are socially stigmatized and discriminated within health and social care settings [21][22][23]. People who inject drugs are prone to problems difficult to accept in a legal environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population estimation and harm reduction among people who inject drugs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Injecting drug use is known to contribute significantly to the spread of the HIV epidemic in many parts of the developing world. Due to the hidden nature and stigma of the problem, it is difficult to study using routine surveys. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the number of people who inject drugs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and to describe the epidemiological and social situation related to HIV among people who inject drugs. Methods The study used rapid assessment methods, followed by combined methods of estimating populations, using nomination and multiplier methods. The combined methods used two datasets: the first includes the proportion of people who use services within a year as a multiplier, and the second, a count of the list of people with a problem who used the specific service within a year as a benchmark. The rapid assessment incorporated different qualitative tools to elicit information related to injectable drugs, using existing data sources, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Results The study estimated a total of 4068; with 95% CI (3196, 5207) people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in Addis Ababa. The study found people who inject drugs were young in age, male, with a lower educational status, unmarried, and living in small clerical business. People who inject drugs and participated in the study were more likely to use additional substances like alcohol, khat, and cannabis. The most common form of injectable drug used was heroin, and most of the people who inject drugs reported sharing syringes and needles. A high proportion of study subjects also disclosed having positive test results for HIV, hepatitis B, and C. Conclusion The population size of people who inject drugs in Addis Ababa is high. Lack of service in harm reduction in the city has made PWIDs vulnerable and at higher risk for HIV/AIDs and hepatitis B and C. Therefore, responsible bodies must start implementing the essential harm reduction strategies given by the World Health Organization.

show abstract

Felt Stigma in Injection Drug Users and Sex Workers: Focus Group Research with HIV-Risk Populations in Puerto Rico

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Relationship between social support and social stigma among AIDS patients in Shiraz

Relationship between social support and social stigma among AIDS patients in Shiraz

Acculturation and Drug Use Stigma Among Latinos and African Americans: An Examination of a Church-Based Sample

Population estimation and harm reduction among people who inject drugs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About