Felt Stigma and Its Underlying Contributors in Epilepsy Patients

Mao, Lingyan; Wang, Keying; Zhang, Qianqian; Wang, Jing; Peng, Weifeng; Ding, Jing

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.879895

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Internalized stigma was the most prevalent type of stigma. In other studies, higher levels of stigma were associated with cultural context, lower education levels, longer disease duration and younger onset age, but also depression and personality traits [30]. As consistently high levels were observed within the same patients, it may be worthwhile to investigate whether they fit similar personality traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Challenges to epilepsy management in Rwandan women living with epilepsy

Teuwen,

Ndayisenga,

Garrez

et al. 2024

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purposeIn Rwanda, epilepsy prevalence ranges between 29‰ and 49‰. Many women living with epilepsy (WwE) are of childbearing age. Epilepsy characteristics and management, contraception, pregnancy, puerperium and stigma in WwE presenting at the neurology clinic of Ndera, Rwanda, were investigated.MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional study investigated demographics, epilepsy characteristics, treatment, contraception, folic acid use, pregnancy, puerperium and stigma in WwE aged ≥18 years. Subgroups were analysed by status of any pregnancy and time of epilepsy diagnosis relative to pregnancy, with significant differences expected.ResultsDuring December 2020 and January 2021, a hundred WwE were enrolled (range 18–67 years). Fifty‐two women had never been pregnant, 39 women had epilepsy onset before pregnancy and nine were diagnosed after pregnancy. No significant differences in age, marital status or occupation were observed. Contraception was used by 27%, of whom 50% were taking enzyme‐inducing anti‐epileptic medication. Valproate was used by 46% of WwE of reproductive age. Thirty‐nine women with epilepsy onset before pregnancy reported 91 pregnancies, with 14% spontaneous abortions. None used folic acid before conception, and 59% only during pregnancy. Five of 78 newborns were preterm. No offspring had major congenital malformations. Nearly 25% of WwE were not compliant with their anti‐epileptic medication schedule during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Internalized stigma was observed in more than 60%. Up to 25% had been discriminated against at school or work.ConclusionA comprehensive strategy considering the reproductive health and societal challenges of WwE is needed to drive optimal epilepsy management, reproductive health outcomes and societal inclusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Challenges to epilepsy management in Rwandan women living with epilepsy

Teuwen,

Ndayisenga,

Garrez

et al. 2024

Euro J of Neurology

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“…2 , Table 1 ). Baicalein, a flavone from Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria lateriflora , has ameliorative effects on seizure propensity and cognitive deficits in epilepsy models [ 52 , 53 ]. In posttraumatic epilepsy, which is acquired epilepsy secondary to traumatic brain injury and has a significant inflammatory component, baicalein exerts neuroprotective and antiepileptic effects [ 53 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the action mechanisms and targets of herbal anticonvulsants highlights opportunities for therapeutic engagement with refractory epilepsy

Tabassum,

Shorter,

Ovsepian

2024

J Mol Med

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Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous and recurring seizures. It poses significant therapeutic challenges due to diverse etiology, pathobiology, and pharmacotherapy-resistant variants. The anticonvulsive effects of herbal leads with biocompatibility and toxicity considerations have attracted much interest, inspiring mechanistic analysis with the view of their use for engagement of new targets and combination with antiseizure pharmacotherapies. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the key molecular players and putative action mechanisms of the most common antiepileptic herbals demonstrated in tissue culture and preclinical models. From the review of the literature, it emerges that their effects are mediated via five distinct mechanisms: (1) reduction of membrane excitability through inhibition of cation channels, (2) improvement of mitochondrial functions with antioxidant effects, (3) enhancement in synaptic transmission mediated by GABAA receptors, (4) improvement of immune response with anti-inflammatory action, and (5) suppression of protein synthesis and metabolism. While some of the primary targets and action mechanisms of herbal anticonvulsants (1, 3) are shared with antiseizure pharmacotherapies, herbal leads also engage with distinct mechanisms (2, 4, and 5), suggesting new drug targets and opportunities for their integration with antiseizure medications. Addressing outstanding questions through research and in silico modeling should facilitate the future use of herbals as auxiliary therapy in epilepsy and guide the development of treatment of pharmacoresistant seizures through rigorous trials and regulatory approval.

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“…This review also has its limitations. In the past 200 years, various techniques for studying epilepsy neural circuits have emerged, and it is inevitable that the authors missed some of them in their searching process, such as contributions from surgery and psychology (Guo et al 2023 ; Gunn and Baram 2017 ; Mao et al 2022 ). Additionally, the latest research, such as investigating neuronal connection patterns through AI algorithms and using them as the basis for functional operation, was not discussed separately due to limited literature (Gao et al 2023 ; Cao et al 2023 ; Zhang et al 2021b ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Neural Circuits: Techniques, Opportunities and Challenges in Epilepsy Research

Xiao,

Li,

Kong

et al. 2024

Cell Mol Neurobiol

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Epilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, frequent recurrence, and potential drug resistance, profoundly affects millions of people globally. Understanding the microscopic mechanisms underlying seizures is crucial for effective epilepsy treatment, and a thorough understanding of the intricate neural circuits underlying epilepsy is vital for the development of targeted therapies and the enhancement of clinical outcomes. This review begins with an exploration of the historical evolution of techniques used in studying neural circuits related to epilepsy. It then provides an extensive overview of diverse techniques employed in this domain, discussing their fundamental principles, strengths, limitations, as well as their application. Additionally, the synthesis of multiple techniques to unveil the complexity of neural circuits is summarized. Finally, this review also presents targeted drug therapies associated with epileptic neural circuits. By providing a critical assessment of methodologies used in the study of epileptic neural circuits, this review seeks to enhance the understanding of these techniques, stimulate innovative approaches for unraveling epilepsy's complexities, and ultimately facilitate improved treatment and clinical translation for epilepsy. Graphical Abstract

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Felt Stigma and Its Underlying Contributors in Epilepsy Patients

Cited by 15 publications

References 66 publications

Challenges to epilepsy management in Rwandan women living with epilepsy

Challenges to epilepsy management in Rwandan women living with epilepsy

Analysis of the action mechanisms and targets of herbal anticonvulsants highlights opportunities for therapeutic engagement with refractory epilepsy

Unraveling the Neural Circuits: Techniques, Opportunities and Challenges in Epilepsy Research

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