Feline Hyperthyroidism

Scott‐Moncrieff, J. Catharine

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4456-5.00004-3

Cited by 33 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(179 reference statements)

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“…Repeated tests confirmed an elevated TT4 concentration. Baseline TT4 levels are affected by many factors,10 and these were all considered: repeat measurements were obtained to try to eliminate random fluctuations or spurious results; there had been no previous evidence of oestrus activity; there was no known exposure to medication; the dog was in lean body condition; and both the patient and its sibling had been fed a commercially available dry kibble puppy food with a labelled iodine content well within recommended ranges. Small breed or body size is known to have an inversely proportional effect on TT4 levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Juvenile hyperthyroidism in a dog

Maunder¹,

Friend²,

Day³

et al. 2018

Vet Rec Case Rep

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Hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrinopathy in cats, and most cases are caused by multinodular hyperplasia or follicular cell adenoma, although thyroid carcinomas occur infrequently. Hyperthyroidism is rare in dogs, and most cases are caused by functional thyroid carcinomas. There are case reports of canine hyperthyroidism secondary to exogenous sources, and rarely thyrotoxicosis can be seen with therapeutic doses of levothyroxine prescribed for hypothyroidism. A case of juvenile hyperthyroidism has been reported in a cat and a histopathological diagnosis of diffuse thyroid hyperplasia was made. This is the first reported case of functional eutopic thyroid tissue in a young dog. Histopathological examination reported bilateral hyperplastic change in the thyroid glands, similar to the case of feline juvenile hyperthyroidism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all of these conditions inadequate thyroid hormone synthesis and low blood levels of T4 and T3 are detected by the hypothalamus, stimulating the pituitary to release more TSH, which results in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the follicular cells. 10 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile hyperthyroidism in a dog

Maunder¹,

Friend²,

Day³

et al. 2018

Vet Rec Case Rep

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“…A counter argument for the negative correlation between TT4 and glucose concentrations in our study would be that systemic disease possibly led to a decrease in TT4 concentration and an increase in serum glucose concentration (i.e., euthyroid sick syndrome [ 25 ] and insulin antagonism secondary to systemic inflammation). Because of the retrospective study design, we could not determine the cause and effect relationship between TT4 and glucose concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Serum Fructosamine Concentration in Uncontrolled Hyperthyroid Diabetic Cats Is within the Population Reference Interval

Gal

Trusiano

French³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Sciences

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Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrinopathy of cats that is characterized by persistent fasting hyperglycemia. However, stress induces substantial hyperglycemia in cats that poses a challenge to the veterinarian who may wrongly interpret the high serum concentration of blood glucose as evidence of diabetes mellitus. Fructosamine is a glycated serum protein that serves as an index of glycemic control in cats and is useful because it is not affected by stress hyperglycemia. However, factors such as body weight, hypoproteinemia, and increased serum thyroid hormone concentration can alter fructosamine concentration. The goal of this retrospective study was to compare the fructosamine concentrations in diabetic and nondiabetic cats with and without uncontrolled hyperthyroidism. A secondary goal was to determine the effect of sex, age, different populations of cats, and diabetes on the variability of fructosamine. We found that the mean (±SE) serum fructosamine of hyperthyroid diabetic cats (332 ± 24 µmol/L, 95% CI 291–379 µmol/L) was within the population-based reference interval (200–360 µmol/L) and significantly lower in comparison to euthyroid diabetic cats (527 ± 10 µmol/L, 95% CI 515–553 µmol/L). Additionally, in this study, diabetes accounted only for approximately 50% of the variance in serum fructosamine, while age, sex, and population made a minor contribution to this variance. In conclusion, finding serum fructosamine that is within the population-based reference interval in an uncontrolled diabetic cat should alert the veterinarian to the possibility of concurrent hyperthyroidism. Additionally, the veterinary clinician should consider that serum fructosamine might be substantially affected by factors other than diabetes.

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“…Taking into account growth failure in cats and dogs, related endocrine causes are GH/IGF-1 deficiency, excessive glucocorticoids, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus and vitamin D disorders (Scott-Moncrieff, 2015). In the present case with hypothyroidism diagnosis was based on low levels of total T4 and fT4, along with normal blood glucose, cortisol and vitamin D levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In the vast majority of cats with hyperthyroidism weight loss, hyperactivity, increased body temperature, diarrhea, cardiovascular problems (tachycardia or other relevant arrhythmias, systolic murmurs, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, tachypnea, dyspnea), altered behavior, stress intolerance, muscle weakness/ atrophy, hair coat changes, polyuria/polydipsia, systemic hypertension, polyphagia, vomiting, increased frequency of defecation (Bucknell, 2000;Mooney, 2010;Klein, 2012;Peterson, 2014;Scott-Moncrieff, 2015 signs may be subtle, especially in early stages (Bucknell, 2000). Some of hyperthyroid cats present excessive grooming behavior causing alopecia or crusty rash, accompanied with intense itching resembling miliary dermatitis (Peterson, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypo- versus hyper-thyroidism in 2 cats: the culprit for miliary dermatitis/hypersensitivity versus growth retardation

Erdoğan

Ural

Erdoğan

2019

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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In the present case series 2 different cats with diagnosis of hypo-versus hyper-thyroidism with distinct clinical signs were reported. The first case was a 3-month-old male domestic short-hair kitten was presented with a disproportionate dwarfism. Radiographic examination of the long bones revealed epiphyseal dysgenesis and delayed epiphyseal ossification. Congenital primary hypothyroidism was established by low serum total thyroxine and initial treatment composed of levothyroxine. The second case was referred to the clinic with unresolved dermatological problems. On referral alopecia, extensive crusting and matting of the haircoat were evident. Hyperthyroidism and related military dermatitis was detected based on elevated serum total thyroxine and free T4 levels along with skin punch biopsy results. Therapeutical armamentarium composed of methimazole and hyperimmune milk factor. In conclusion, early recognition, diagnosis and treatment caused to intervention all resulted in clinical remission and relief of clinical signs accompanied by normal thyroidal function and laboratory results in both cats.

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Feline Hyperthyroidism

Cited by 33 publications

References 182 publications

Juvenile hyperthyroidism in a dog

Juvenile hyperthyroidism in a dog

Serum Fructosamine Concentration in Uncontrolled Hyperthyroid Diabetic Cats Is within the Population Reference Interval

Hypo- versus hyper-thyroidism in 2 cats: the culprit for miliary dermatitis/hypersensitivity versus growth retardation

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