Feline cholangitis: A necropsy study of 44 cats (1986–2008)

Clark, Julie E Callahan; Haddad, Jamie L.; Brown, Dorothy Cimino; Morgan, Megan; Winkle, Thomas J. Van; Rondeau, Mark P.

doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2011.05.002

Cited by 76 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Small group sizes, retrospective nature of the study and lack of a non‐invasive gold standard for diagnosis of pancreatitis hindered a conclusive examination of a possible causative relationship between bactibilia and increased serum cPLI concentration in dogs. Lack of a similar relationship between Group 2 and fPLI concentrations in cats was unexpected, given the high prevalence of concurrent cholangitis and pancreatitis in this species,14, 15 but the possibility of type II error cannot be ruled out given small sample size of subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Peters

Glanemann

Garden

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCholecystocentesis can be part of the diagnostic workup of hepatobiliary disease in small animals, but literature on cytological evaluation of bile is scant.ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic utility of cytological assessment of bile aspirates.AnimalsFifty‐six and 78 client‐owned dogs and cats, respectively, with bile collected by cholecystocentesis and submitted to our diagnostic laboratory between 1999 and 2014.MethodsRetrospective study describing cytological findings of bile, concurrent bacterial culture results, hematological and serum biochemical data, gallbladder biopsy results, as well as final diagnosis and complications after cholecystocentesis.ResultsInfectious agents were found in 30% of canine and 22% of feline bile aspirates, and inflammation in 5% and 19% respectively. Presence of microorganisms was more often detected on cytological examination (24%) than by culture (21%). The most common bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., isolated from 14.8% and 6.7% of cultured samples respectively. Only increased canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration (cPLI) was significantly associated with the presence of microorganisms, inflammatory cells, or both in bile. Clinically relevant complications of cholecystocentesis occurred in 2 dogs. The majority of the animals undergoing cholecystocentesis suffered from hepatic, pancreatic, gastrointestinal disease, or a combination thereof.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCytological examination of bile is inexpensive and straightforward, and yields diagnostically relevant information that precedes and complements bacterial culture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Peters

Glanemann

Garden

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Concurrent IBD, hepatobiliary disease, and pancreatitis have been previously noted, although their relationship is unclear. 4,6,12,18,[23][24][25] Although serum fPLI is reported to be specific for pancreatitis, in a study of 23 cats with histopathologically confirmed IBD, 69% had an increased serum fPLI concentration. 21 Pancreatic biopsies were not available in that study, and only 4 of 22 cats with an abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation had pancreatic changes consistent with possible pancreatitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic Findings of the Pancreas in Cats with Elevated Serum Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity

Williams

Panciera

Larson

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Pancreatitis is a common disease in cats that is difficult to diagnose. Hypothesis/Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonographic changes of the pancreas with serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) as the standard for diagnosis of pancreatitis.Animals: 35 cats with clinical signs consistent with pancreatitis with an abdominal ultrasound examination and serum fPLI concentration measured within 3 days of the ultrasound.Methods: Retrospective study: Pancreatic thickness, pancreatic margination, pancreatic echogenicity, and peripancreatic fat echogenicity were evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated with an elevated serum fPLI concentration indicative of pancreatitis as the standard for diagnosis.Results: Serum fPLI was elevated and diagnostic for pancreatitis in 19 of 35 cats. The single ultrasound characteristic with the highest sensitivity was hyperechoic peripancreatic fat at 68% (95% confidence interval = 44-87%), indicating a moderate probability that cats with pancreatitis will have this abnormality on ultrasonographic examination. Specificity was >90% for each of increased pancreatic thickness, abnormal pancreatic margin, and hyperechoic peripancreatic fat. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 84% (95% confidence interval = 60-97%) and 75% (95% confidence interval = 48-93%), respectively, in cats with elevated serum fPLI indicative of pancreatitis.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The presence of a thick left limb of the pancreas, severely irregular pancreatic margins, and hyperechoic peripancreatic fat in cats with appropriate clinical signs and elevated serum fPLI are highly supportive of pancreatitis.

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“…These diseases present with an activated HPC niche but are not often diagnosed [53,102]. In felines, biliary disease is frequently seen, most commonly lymphocytic and neutrophilic cholangitis, and are associated with inflammatory cell infiltrates [94,103,104]. Lymphocytic cholangitis is a chronic disease that results in portal fibrosis and bile duct proliferation [14,102].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic progenitor cells in canine and feline medicine: potential for regenerative strategies

2014

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New curative therapies for severe liver disease are urgently needed in both the human and veterinary clinic. It is important to find new treatment modalities which aim to compensate for the loss of parenchymal tissue and to repopulate the liver with healthy hepatocytes. A prime focus in regenerative medicine of the liver is the use of adult liver stem cells, or hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), for functional recovery of liver disease. This review describes recent developments in HPC research in dog and cat and compares these findings to experimental rodent studies and human pathology. Specifically, the role of HPCs in liver regeneration, key components of the HPC niche, and HPC activation in specific types of canine and feline liver disease will be reviewed. Finally, the potential applications of HPCs in regenerative medicine of the liver are discussed and a potential role is suggested for dogs as first target species for HPC-based trials.

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Feline cholangitis: A necropsy study of 44 cats (1986–2008)

Cited by 76 publications

References 18 publications

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Cytological Findings of 140 Bile Samples from Dogs and Cats and Associated Clinical Pathological Data

Ultrasonographic Findings of the Pancreas in Cats with Elevated Serum Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity

Hepatic progenitor cells in canine and feline medicine: potential for regenerative strategies

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