“…Moreover, hope has been considered to be essential for psychological and physiological resilience to cancer experiences (Herth, 2000;Nowotny, 1988;Rustøen, Wiklund, Hanestad, & Moum, 1998), being able to give a person the energy to continue living (Owen, 1989). It reflects the wish for a desirable future (Onishi, 1994) and the ability to think positively about the future through experiences or events (Hara, Takei, Seyama, Takai, & Tunoda, 2011). This dynamic, personal force can provide the energy needed to overcome anxiety and fear and to protect self-esteem.…”