Feeling Pain in the Rubber Hand: Integration of Visual, Proprioceptive, and Painful Stimuli

Capelari, Edla D P; Uribe, Carlos Enrique; Brasil‐Neto, Joaquim P.

doi:10.1068/p5892

Cited by 60 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Instead of speaking in favor of a distracting effect of the GVS, our data rather suggest a vestibular influence on the rubber hand illusion that well survives the unpleasantness of tactile stimulations during GVS. This supports recent behavioral data showing that painful stimuli did not influence the nature and intensity of the rubber hand illusion (Capelari, Uribe, & Brasil-Neto, 2009). Apart from the cutaneous side effects of GVS, illusory self-motion evoked by GVS could have acted as another confounding factor.…”

Section: Additional Factorssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Our data reveal a larger drift of the perceived location of the participant's left index finger towards the rubber hand after synchronous than after asynchronous stroking, as reported by many previous authors (Capelari et al, 2009;Costantini & Haggard, 2007;Longo et al, 2008;Schutz-Bosbach et al, 2009;Tsakiris & Haggard, 2005;Tsakiris, Prabhu, & Haggard, 2006). This mislocalization of the participant's hand is in line with subjective reports (Q4: ''It felt as if my (real) hand were drifting towards the right (towards the rubber hand)") and may reflect the visual capture by the stroking of the rubber hand (Pavani et al, 2000).…”

Section: Proprioceptive Judgmentssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…We also note that drift and questionnaires may not measure the same aspects of the illusion Longo et al, 2008) and that actual correlations have only been found in few studies (Botvinick & Cohen, 1998;Ehrsson et al, 2005). Furthermore, the mislocalization of the participant's hand may be resistant to external manipulation, as it was found to remain unchanged after proprioceptive feedback evoked by arm movements ), or after tactile-painful stimuli (Capelari et al, 2009).…”

Section: Proprioceptive Judgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How vestibular stimulation interacts with illusory hand ownership

Lopez

Lenggenhager

Blanke

2010

Consciousness and Cognition

109

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a b s t r a c tArtificial stimulation of the peripheral vestibular system has been shown to improve ownership of body parts in neurological patients, suggesting vestibular contributions to bodily self-consciousness. Here, we investigated whether galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) interferes with the mechanisms underlying ownership, touch, and the localization of one's own hand in healthy participants by using the ''rubber hand illusion" paradigm. Our results show that left anodal GVS increases illusory ownership of the fake hand and illusory location of touch. We propose that these changes are due to vestibular interference with spatial and/or temporal mechanisms of visual-tactile integration leading to an enhancement of visual capture. As only left anodal GVS lead to such changes, and based on neurological data on body part ownership, we suggest that this vestibular interference is mediated by the right temporo-parietal junction and the posterior insula.

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Section: Additional Factorssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Proprioceptive Judgmentssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Proprioceptive Judgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How vestibular stimulation interacts with illusory hand ownership

Lopez

Lenggenhager

Blanke

2010

Consciousness and Cognition

109

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“…These include: visual-motor synchrony, in which participants observe a hand moving in synch with one's own (Dummer, Picot-Annand, Neal, & Moore, 2009;Riemer, Kleinböhl, Hölzl, & Trojan, 2013;Walsh, Moseley, Taylor, & Gandevia, 2011); tactile-motor synchrony in which touching a fake hand while one's own hand is touched leads to the perception that the participant is touching their own other hand (Lopez, Bieri, Preuss, & Mast, 2012;White, Davies, & Davies, 2011); the ''rubber voice illusion'' (Zheng, Macdonald, Munhall, & Johnsrude, 2011) in which hearing a stranger speaking while saying the same words one's self led participants to experience the others voice as a distorted version of their own; between synchronous vision and pain stimulation (Capelari, Uribe, & Brasil-Neto, 2009); and by synchronising the rhythm of visual flashes on the fake hand to the rhythm of participants' heartbeat. These last two are particularly important, as they involve the integration of an interoceptive signal (pain, or implicit awareness of the heartbeat) with an exteroceptive signal (vision).…”

Section: Bodily Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

Farmer

Maister

2017

Soc Just Res

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The self is one the most important concepts in social cognition and plays a crucial role in determining questions such as which social groups we view ourselves as belonging to and how we relate to others. In the past decade, the self has also become an important topic within cognitive neuroscience with an explosion in the number of studies seeking to understand how different aspects of the self are represented within the brain. In this paper, we first outline the recent research on the neurocognitive basis of the self and highlight a key distinction between two forms of self-representation. The first is the ''bodily'' self, which is thought to be the basis of subjective experience and is grounded in the processing of sensorimotor signals. The second is the ''conceptual'' self, which develops through our interactions of other and is formed of a rich network of associative and semantic information. We then investigate how both the bodily and conceptual self are related to social cognition with an emphasis on how self-representations are involved in the processing and creation of prejudice. We then highlight new research demonstrating that the bodily and conceptual self are both malleable and that this malleability can be harnessed in order to achieve a reduction in social prejudice. In particular, we will outline strong evidence that modulating people's perceptions of the bodily self can lead to changes in attitudes at the conceptual level. We will highlight a series of studies demonstrating that social attitudes towards various social out-groups (e.g. racial groups) can lead to a reduction in prejudice towards that group. Finally, we seek to place these findings in a broader social context by considering how innovations in virtual reality technology can allow experiences of taking on another's identity are likely to become both more commonplace and more convincing in the future and the various opportunities and risks associated with using such technology to reduce prejudice.

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“…somatosensory input from the skin of the real hand (out of view) and visual input from the eyes watching the rubber hand being stroked. The cerebrum appears to attribute stronger reliance on the visual frame of reference to generate a final perceptual experience that involves distortion of position sense (proprioceptive drift) of the real hand which is relocated to the space occupied by the rubber hand [33] [9,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation into psychophysiological effects of threatening a perceptually embodied rubber hand in healthy human participants

Johnson

Smith

Yellow

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Pain

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AbstractBackground and aimsThreatening a perceptually embodied rubber hand with noxious stimuli has been shown to generate levels of anxiety similar to that experienced when a real hand is threatened. The aim of this study was to investigate skin conductance response, self-reported anxiety and the incidence, type and location of sensations when a perceptually embodied rubber hand was exposed to threatening and non-threatening stimuli.MethodsA repeated measures cross-over design was used whereby 20 participants (⊕18 years, 14 females) received a threatening (syringe needle) and non-threatening (soft brush) stimulus to a perceptually embodied rubber hand. Perceptual embodiment was achieved using a soft brush to synchronously stroke the participant’s real hand (out of view) and a rubber hand (in view). Then the investigator approached the rubber hand with a syringe needle (threat) or soft brush (non-threat).ResultsRepeated measures ANOVA found that approaching the perceptually embodied rubber hand with either stimulus produced statistically significant reductions in the rated intensity of response to the following questions (p < 0.01): ‘How strongly does it feel like the rubber hand is yours?’; ‘How strongly does it feel like the rubber hand is part of your body?’; and ‘How strongly does it feel you can move the rubber hand?’. However, there were no statistically significant differences in scores between needle and brush stimuli. Repeated measures ANOVA on skin conductance response found statistically significant effects for experimental Events (baseline; stroking; perceptual embodiment; stimuli approaching rubber hand; stimuli touching rubber hand; p <0.001) but not for Condition (needle versus brush p = 0.964) or experimental Event × Condition interaction (p = 0.160). Ten of the 20 participants (50%) reported that they experienced a sensation arising from the rubber hand when the rubber hand was approached and touched by either the needle and/or brush but these sensations lacked precision in location, timing, and nature.Conclusion and implicationsOur preliminary findings suggest that the increase in arousal in response to stimuli entering the peripersonal space may not be selective for threat. There was tentative evidence that more intense sensations were experienced when a perceptually embodied rubber hand was approached by a threatening stimulus. Our findings provide initial insights and should serve as a catalyst for further research.

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Feeling Pain in the Rubber Hand: Integration of Visual, Proprioceptive, and Painful Stimuli

Cited by 60 publications

References 17 publications

How vestibular stimulation interacts with illusory hand ownership

How vestibular stimulation interacts with illusory hand ownership

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

A preliminary investigation into psychophysiological effects of threatening a perceptually embodied rubber hand in healthy human participants

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