Feedlot Bloat Studies. II. Physical Factors Involved in the Etiology of Frothy Bloat

Jacobson, Don R.; Lindahl, Ivan L.; McNeill, John J.; Shaw, J.C.; Doetsch, R. N.; Davis, R. E.

doi:10.2527/jas1957.162515x

Cited by 43 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Une fois les vaches habitu6es au r6gime, le pH du liquide a baiss6 de 6.5-5.6 pour les rations d particules fines et de 6,9-6.0 pour celles i grosses particules. On a enregistr6 deux maximums de viscosit6 dans le liquide des vaches nourries au concentr6 de fines particules, entre les pH de 5.5 ei 5.8 et les pH de 7.5 (Jacobson et al 1957;Gutienez et al 1961;Hobson and Mann 1955). Microbial slime isolated from high-grain fed animals contained protein, carbohydrate, and nucleic Cm.…”

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INFLUENCE OF FEED PARTICLE SIZE ONpH, CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT, AND VISCOSITY OF RUMEN FLUID

Cheng¹,

Hironaka²

1973

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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fluid pH declined from 6.5 to 5.6 when fed the fine particle feed and from 6.9 to 6.0 when fed the coarse. The rumen fluid from the cows fed the fine feed exhibited two viscosity maxima, between pH 5.5 and 5.8, and between pH 7.5 and 8.5, whereas the viscosity of the rumen fluid from the cows fed the coarse feed was not influenced by pH. Soluble carbohydrate levels were 650 pglml in the rumen fluid of cows fed the coarse-particle diet and over 1,000 pg/ml in that from cows fed the fine-particle feed. Cows

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INFLUENCE OF FEED PARTICLE SIZE ONpH, CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT, AND VISCOSITY OF RUMEN FLUID

Cheng¹,

Hironaka²

1973

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Although several attempts have been made to demonstrate differences in microbial populations between bloating and nonblating animals (6,8,9), there is no satisfactory agreement of results. This may be attributed to the fact that a limited number of ruminal bacteria are culturable and in some cases it is difficult to identify these bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Much attention has been paid to a possible relationship between bloat and alterations in microbial activities and populations (1)(2)(3)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). HUNGATE et al (5) reported higher fermentation rates in bloating animals than in nonbloating animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…HUNGATE et al (5) reported higher fermentation rates in bloating animals than in nonbloating animals. JACOBSON et al (6) found that the rumen samples of bloating cattle contained a large number of encapsulated microorganisms, which closely correlated with the occurrence of bloat. GUTIERREZ et al (8) in direct microscopic and cultural studies found that Peptostreptococcus elsdenii and Streptococcus bovis type streptococci increased considerably in numbers during the onset of feedlot bloat.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Microbial characteristics of ruminal fluid from feedlot bloat beef cattle.

Sakauchi

Hoshino

1981

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Rumen samples from bloating steers had volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations high in acetate and low in propionate so that the acetate/ propionate ratio was consistently higher in bloating animals than in healthy ones. The ruminal pH values in bloated steers were compatible with those in healthy steers. Ammonia concentrations were higher in bloated steers than in healthy ones. There were no essential differences in the rates of gas production in vitro by rumen fluid between bloated and healthy steers. The total count and generic composition of rumen ciliates were similar in all steers and not likely to correlate with bloat. In contrast, although the total counts of bacteria in bloated steers were of the same order as those from healthy steers, the constitution of microflora was greatly affected by the development of bloat: gram-negative cocci (0.3-1.0 µm), gram-positive cocci (0.5-1.1 µm) and gram-positive small rods {(0.45-0.65 µm) x (0.65-1.2 µm)} increased, while gram-negative small rods {(0.35-0.7 µm) x (0.9-2.0 µm)} decreased in bloating steers.Bloat is a common and costly disorder of ruminants caused by retention of gas in the stomach. Although there are no official statistics on the incidence of feedlot bloat in Japan, the losses from sickness and death have been estimated to be Y7,200 millions annually (1-3). The tremendous economic losses from bloat in the U.S.A., Australia, New Zealand and Canada have been described in a recent review by CLARKS and RECD (4).It is well established that most of the gas in the rumen is produced by microbial fermentation and acidification of bicarbonate, and is eliminated normally by eructation without difficulty. However, the elimination of gas being prevented for some reason or other leads to gross distention of the rumen and the animal becomes bloated. Bloat is classified into foamy and free-gas types according to the physical nature of the rumen contents. In the foamy type, a large portion of the rumen gas is trapped within the rumen contents and the transfer of the gas to the esophagus is impaired. The contributions of plants, animals, and microbial factors to the bloat foam were reviewed (4).

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“…Jacobson et al (1955Jacobson et al ( , 1957b reported that small amounts of saponin in the presence of glucose could aid greatly in the in vitro formation of a stable foam. It was concluded that while glucose was needed for rapid fermentation and high rate of gas formation, the saponins served to stabilize the foam produced.…”

Section: Relationship Of Foam To the Etiology Of Bloatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of ruminal calcium, magnesium, ammonia and total salts to the occurrence of bloat in lambs

Smith

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Feedlot Bloat Studies. II. Physical Factors Involved in the Etiology of Frothy Bloat

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

INFLUENCE OF FEED PARTICLE SIZE ONpH, CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT, AND VISCOSITY OF RUMEN FLUID

INFLUENCE OF FEED PARTICLE SIZE ONpH, CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT, AND VISCOSITY OF RUMEN FLUID

Microbial characteristics of ruminal fluid from feedlot bloat beef cattle.

Relationship of ruminal calcium, magnesium, ammonia and total salts to the occurrence of bloat in lambs

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