Feeding types of the benthic community and particle transport across the slope of the N.W. European continental margin (Goban Spur)

Flach, Els; Lavaleye, M.S.S.; Stigter, Henko de; Thomsen, Laurenz

doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(98)00035-4

Cited by 73 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Indeed, the biomass of filter feeders was 92% of total macrofaunal biomass, consistent with Lophelia banks on the Norwegian shelf (Jensen and Frederiksen 1992). These levels are unusually high as compared to other deepsea and continental-slope food webs (Flach et al 1998;Stora et al 1999). In addition, the CWC community depletes the particle concentration in the lower layers of the benthic boundary layer, and its physical presence increases turbulence levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Untitled

2009

Limnology & Oceanography

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We present a quantitative food-web analysis of the cold-water coral community, i.e., the assembly of living corals, dead coral branches and sediment beneath, associated with the reef-building Lophelia pertusa on the giant carbonate mounds at ,800-m depth at Rockall Bank. Carbon flows, 140 flows among 20 biotic and abiotic compartments, were reconstructed using linear inverse modeling by merging data on biomass, on-board respiration, d 15 N values, and literature constraints on assimilation and growth efficiencies. The carbon flux to the coral community was 75.1 mmol C m 22 d 21 and was partitioned among (phyto)detritus (81%) and zooplankton (19%). Carbon ingestion by the living coral was only 9% of the carbon ingestion by the whole community and was portioned among (phyto)detritus (72%) and zooplankton (28%). Carbon cycling in the community was dominated by suspension-and filter-feeding macrofauna associated with dead coral branches. Sediment traps mounted on a bottom lander trapped 0.77 mmol C m 22 d 21 (annual average), which is almost two orders of magnitude lower than total carbon ingestion (75.1) and respiration (57.3 mmol C m 22 d 21 ) by the coral community. This discrepancy is explained in two ways: the coral community intercepts organic matter that would otherwise not settle on the seafloor, and through their action as ecosystem engineers, the increased turbulence generated by the coral framework and organic-matter depletion in the boundary layer augment the influx to the coral community. A comparison of macrofaunal biomass and respiration data with soft sediments reveals that coral communities are hot spots of biomass and carbon cycling along continental margins.Oceans and seas cover almost 75% of Earth's surface and are underlain with predominantly soft sediments. In recent decades, however, increased use of underwater videos, video-guided sampling gear, and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) has contributed to the discovery of other deep-sea ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Untitled

2009

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Ophelina cylindricaudata is also a SSDF and the second most abundant polychaete at this station (70 individuals), being absent from the others. The association of SSDF with high sedimentation rates was also observed by Flach et al (1998) in the Goban Spur. Finally, in a study undertaken by Levin et al (1994) in areas submitted to organic enrichment inputs, the authors verified that this potential sort of disturbance was responsible for the high polychaete abundance, high dominance of relatively few species and also for the reduced diversity and species richness obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Deep macrobenthic communities from Nazaré Submarine Canyon (NW Portugal)

Cúrdia¹,

Carvalho²,

Ravara³

et al. 2004

Sci. Mar.

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Macrofauna community structure within Nazaré Submarine Canyon is analysed and used to assess the potential effects of natural enrichment in this area subjected to accumulation of coastal sediments. A transect including three stations (2894, 3514 and 4141 m) was carried out in the Nazaré Submarine Canyon (NW Portugal) during a cruise of OMEX II programme (Ocean Margin Exchange), in the winter season of 1999. Although data was not collected in order to calculate sedimentation rates, sampling station at 2894 m is located in an area characterised by high levels of sedimentation, thus a high amount of organic matter is expected to be available for the local communities. Faunistic data are discussed in the context of the different features of the stations sampled. Multivariate analysis clearly separates the shallowest station from the other ones, which otherwise appear to be very similar. It also revealed a perceptible gradient along sediment depth at all stations, from shallow to deeper layers. Exceptionally depressed species richness and low evenness values were observed at the 2894 m station. The high number of individuals of a single species, Cossura sp. A, and the atypical diversity, dominance and evenness values obtained for this station support the hypothesis of community disturbance due to organic enrichment.Key words: Deep sea; submarine canyons; NE Atlantic; macrobenthos; community structure; natural organic enrichment RESUMEN: COMUNIDADES MACROBENTÓNICAS PROFUNDAS DEL CAÑÓN SUBMARINO DE NAZARÉ (NW PORTUGAL). -Se analiza la estructura de la comunidad de la macrofauna del cañón submarino de Nazaré y se utiliza para evaluar los efectos potenciales del enriquecimiento natural de esta área sometida a la acumulación de sedimentos costeros. Se realizó un transecto que incluía tres estaciones (2894, 3514 y 4141 m) en el cañón submarino de Nazaré (NW de Portugal), durante una campaña del programa OMEX II (Ocean Margin Exchange), en el invierno de 1999. Aunque no se han obtenido datos para calcular tasas de sedimentación, la estación de muestreo a 2894 m está situada en un área caracterizada por niveles elevados de sedimentación, de modo que es esperable que haya una gran cantidad de materia orgánica disponible para las comunidades locales. Los datos faunísticos se comentan en el contexto de las distintas características de las estaciones muestreadas. El análisis multivariante separa claramente la estación más somera de las otras, que parecen ser muy parecidas entre sí. También revela un gradiente perceptible a lo largo del grosor del sedimento en todas las estaciones, desde las capas someras a las más profundas. En la estación de 2894 m se observaron valores excepcionalmente bajos de riqueza específica y bajos de equitatividad. El elevado número de individuos obtenidos en esta estación refuerza la hipótesis de perturbación de la comunidad debido a enriquecimiento orgánico.Palabras clave: océano profundo, cañones submarinos, Atlántico NE, macrobentos, estructura de la comunidad, enriquecimiento orgánico nat...

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“…Near-bottom currents at the Goban Spur range between 10 and 35 cm s -1 (Flach, et al, 1998), and sediments have a relatively low organic carbon content (approx 0.5% by weight, Lohse et al, 1998); in contrast to other North Atlantic slope sites. At this location, SCOC is approximately equally attributable to bacteria and deposit feeding macrofauna (Heip et al, 2001).…”

Section: Study Locationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hydrocarbon contamination affects deep-sea benthic oxygen uptake and microbial community composition

Main

Ruhl

Jones

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Hydrocarbon contamination affects deep-sea benthic oxygen uptake and microbial community composition, Deep-Sea Research I, http://dx. AbstractAccidental oil well blowouts have the potential to introduce large quantities of hydrocarbons into the deep sea and disperse toxic contaminants to midwater and seafloor areas over ocean-basin scales. Our ability to assess the environmental impacts of these events is currently impaired by our limited understanding of how resident communities are affected. This study examined how two treatment levels of a water accommodated fraction of crude oil affected the oxygen consumption rate of a natural, deep-sea benthic community. We also investigated the resident microbial community's response to hydrocarbon contamination through quantification of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and their stable carbon isotope (δ 13 C) values.Sediment community oxygen consumption rates increased significantly in response to increasing levels of contamination in the overlying water of oil-treated microcosms, and bacterial biomass decreased significantly in the presence of oil. Multivariate ordination of PLFA compositional (mol%) data showed that the structure of the microbial community changed in response to hydrocarbon contamination. However, treatment effects on t Ɂ ͳ͵ were not statistically significant. Our data demonstrate that deep-sea benthic microbes respond to hydrocarbon exposure within 36 hours.

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Feeding types of the benthic community and particle transport across the slope of the N.W. European continental margin (Goban Spur)

Cited by 73 publications

References 37 publications

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Deep macrobenthic communities from Nazaré Submarine Canyon (NW Portugal)

Hydrocarbon contamination affects deep-sea benthic oxygen uptake and microbial community composition

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