Feeding Sites of the Green Peach Aphid with Respect to its Adaptation to Tobacco1

Guthrie, F. E.; Campbell, W. V.; Baron, Ronald L.

doi:10.1093/aesa/55.1.42

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) have evolved excretion systems that eliminate nicotine many times faster than other insects due to a specialized alkaloid transport system in their Malpighian tubules (Maddrell and Gardiner, 1976). Green peach aphids (Myzus persicae) simply avoid ingesting nicotine by feeding on phloem tissue and avoiding the toxic, nicotinecontaining xylem (Guthrie et al, 1962).…”

Section: Insect P450s Medlatlng the Detoxlflcatlon Of Plant Allelochementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Plant-Insect Interactions

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants and herbivorous insects interact at the most fundamental of levels. With few exceptions, in the battle waged daily between these two groups of organisms, one serves as food source, the other as consumer. From a plant's perspective, success in this interaction is measured by its ability to defend itself from devastation by insect feeding. From an insect's perspective, success is measured by its ability to protect itself from a variety of toxic plant defense compounds, thereby allowing it to utilize plants as its sole food source. These interactions are multifaceted and dynamic. Many classes of insect repellents and toxic substances, including isoflavonoids, furanocoumarins, ter-penoids, alkaloids, and cyanogenic glycosides, are synthesized in plants. The biosynthetic pathways leading to these allelochemicals are continually evolving to generate new secondary metabolites. A variety of defense mechanisms, including enzymatic detoxification systems, physiological tolerance, and behavioral avoidance, protect insects from the hazards of these compounds. These mechanisms continue to evolve as insects attempt to colonize new plant species. P450s have a fundamental role on both sides of the plant-versus-insect equation. They define the spectrum of the defense compounds synthesized by plants and the plant toxins metabolized by insects. Although many other insect enzyme systems participate in the synthesis and degradation of plant allelochemicals, P450s occupy a position of unique importance in the evolution of interspecies adaptive strategies due to their extraordinary versatility. The multiplicity and diversity of their substrate recognition sites, as well as their transcriptional regulatory cascades, have allowed for tremendous biochemical flexibility in the metabolic profiles of individual organisms. This flexibility has in turn provided the necessary genetic variability required for reciproca1 evolutionary responses between these trophically linked taxa. Although their common name implies similarity in function , P450s actually include a highly diverse array of pro-l The plant P450 projects were funded

show abstract

Section: Insect P450s Medlatlng the Detoxlflcatlon Of Plant Allelochementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Plant-Insect Interactions

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since most natural products, in order to avoid autotoxicity to, and degradation by, the plant, at"e compartmentalized inside of cell vaeuoles (Matile, 1984), aphids can neatly avoid them by tnerely by-passing the vaeuoles or by probitig intercellularly. This probing tnethod allows aphids to colonize plants which contain cotnpartmentalized substanees which otherwise would be lethal to the insect, for exatnple, peach aphids on nicotitie-containing tobacco (Guthrie, Campbell & Baron, 1962), Nevet"theless, there are a number of cases whet"e secondat"y natut"al products are known to be ti"anslocated in the phloem. Not all of these substances have a deleterious effeet on the insect, Mot"eover, in several cases, specialist aphids have adapted to the presence of substances which are otherwise unacceptable to most other insects, L^upins and sotne related legutnes are among the few clear-cut cases where a role for secondary natut"al products in mediating host aeeeptability to aphids has been detnonstrated.…”

Section: Other Plant Resistance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical basis of host‐plant resistance to aphids

Dreyer¹,

Campbell²

1987

Plant Cell & Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The itnportance of host-plant resistance of crop plants in the biological control of aphids and the fomiation of aphid biotypes is discussed. The rapid response of plant bteeders to the formation of new aphid biotypes tequites detailed knowledge on the mechanism of host-plant tesistance. Current knowledge on the chetnical basis of host-plant resistance to aphids is sutrttnarized. Of centtal importance to this telationship is the aphid-pectinase plant-pectin intetdependence. Parallels between the mechanistn of aphid-plant and pathogen-plant attack are pointed out and how aphid bactetial etidosymbiotes play a central role in host-plant selection.

show abstract

“…For example, tobacco-feeding coleopterans and orthopterans can metabolize nicotine to cotinine and other alkaloids (Self et al 1964a), and the aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) avoids nicotine by selectively feeding in the phloem (Guthrie et al 1962). Manduca sexta L. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), which commonly feeds on tobacco and other solanaceous plants, rapidly excretes most of the nicotine it ingests (Self et al 1964b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of nicotine and natural enemies in determining larval feeding site distributions of Manduca sexta L. and Manduca quinquemaculata (Haworth) on tobacco

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field observations indicated that hornworms select feeding sites non-randomly on tobacco. We tested the hypotheses that differences in feeding site locations of larvae of Manduca sexta L. and Manduca quinquemaculata (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) on tobacco could be explained by differential nicotine concentrations within plants and leaves, species-specific responses to nicotine, or pressure exerted by natural enemies. Results showed that third-instar larvae of M. sexta fed more proximally and centrally on the leaf, whereas M. quinquemaculata fed more distally. Withinplant selection of leaves did not differ; both species selected leaves in the middle region of the plant. Nicotine concentrations in a high nicotine genotype, NC95, varied within each leaf, increasing 2 -3 fold from the basal to apical portion of the leaf, and within each plant, increasing 7 -10 fold from the first fully expanded leaf to the twelfth (lowest) leaf. In laboratory bioassays, both Manduca species responded to nicotine as a feeding deterrent. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated that gustatory organs of both species responded to nicotine at concentrations found in tobacco leaves and that M. quinquemaculata generally showed a less vigorous response to nicotine than M. sexta. Field mortality of M. sexta due to parasitism by Cotesia congregata (Say) and to parasitism and predation combined differed among feeding sites; predation alone did not. Results suggest that although nicotine concentration and species specific responses to nicotine play a role in determining feeding site locations, pressure exerted by natural enemies, especially parasitism by C. congregata, is more important.

show abstract

Feeding Sites of the Green Peach Aphid with Respect to its Adaptation to Tobacco1

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Plant-Insect Interactions

The Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Plant-Insect Interactions

Chemical basis of host‐plant resistance to aphids

The roles of nicotine and natural enemies in determining larval feeding site distributions of Manduca sexta L. and Manduca quinquemaculata (Haworth) on tobacco

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About