Feeding Rate of Daphnia Magna Straus in Different Foods Labeled With Radioactive Phosphorus1

McMahon, John W.; Rigler, F. H.

doi:10.4319/lo.1965.10.1.0105

Cited by 212 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…Some cues may be species-specific, while differences in the response thresholds for a certain cue may differ between two species or show temporal changes within a species, Support for these speculations is found in the differing abilities of Daphnia species to ingest filamentous blue-green algae ( Birge 1898;Lefevre 1950;Bla%ka 1966;Burns 1968a) and in the temporarily accelerated feeding rates of starved D. magna when they are first introduced to concentrations of food above the incipient limiting level ( McMahon and Rigler 1963). If D. galeata had a lower tolerance threshold than D. pulex for the plastic beads, this species would reject them more frequently, and hence ingest fewer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous experiments, concentrations of beads in the feeding suspension were greater than 500 beads/ml, Concentration of particles is known to affect feeding rate in Daphnia ( Rigler 1961) ; it is also known that feeding response of Daphnia changes at an "incipient limiting concentration" (McMahon and Rigler 1965) depending on body size of the daphnid and possibly on other factors including species ( McMahon 1965;Burns and Rigler 1967). So an experiment was carried out in a very dilute suspension of beads to determine whether the magnitude of the difference between D. pulex and D. galeata in the total numbers of beads ingested would change.…”

Section: Experiments VIImentioning

confidence: 99%

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PARTICLE SIZE AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF TWO SPECIES OF DAPHNIA

Burns

1969

Limnology & Oceanography

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When plastic beads were kept in suspension by continuous rotation of feeding bottles, there was no difference between two species of Daphnia in the size frequency distribution of the beads they ingested. Under conditions in which some settling out of suspension of the beads occurred, D. pulex ingested higher proportions of large beads ( >14-p diam) and D. galeata ingested higher proportions of small beads ( <14-p diam), The mean number of beads consumed per animal and the perccntagc of animals ingesting more than 20 beads was always higher for D. pulex than for D. galeata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments VIImentioning

confidence: 99%

PARTICLE SIZE AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF TWO SPECIES OF DAPHNIA

Burns

1969

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…As a result, there may be indirect, exploitative competition between ciliates, rotifers and cladocerans. Cladocerans also have the potential to graze ciliates directly, because laboratory studies have shown them capable of ingesting at least some species (McMahon & Rigler, 1965;Tezuka, 1974;Porter, Pace & Battey, 1979;Archibold & Berger, 1985;5.-4. Wickham and JJ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative vulnerabilities of natural rotifer and ciliate communities to cladocerans: laboratory and field experiments

Wickham

Gilbert

1991

Freshwater Biology

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SUMMARY. 1. Two experiments with plankton communities from Storrs Pond (NH), one conducted in the laboratory and one in field enclosures, assessed the impact of different cladocerans on rotifers and ciliated protozoa.2. The smallest cladoceran, Bosmina longirostris, did not depress rotifer or ciliate growth rates while the intermediate sized cladoceran, Daphnia galeata mendotae, reduced ciliate growth rates in the enclosure experiment but had only a marginal effect in the jar experiment. D. galeata mendotae had no effect on any of the rotifers in either experiment.3. In both experiments the largest cladoceran, Daphnia pulex, depressed the growth rates of ciliates and those rotifers known to be vulnerable to interference competition. Polyarthra vulgaris, previously shown to be resistant to cladoceran interference, was the only rotifer unaffected by D. putex in the field experiment but was depressed by the much higher densities of this cladoceran in the laboratory experiment.4. Cladocerans did not affect phytoplankton or bacterioplankton abundance in either experiment. Therefore the mechanism most likely to be responsible for the suppressive effect of cladocerans on rotifers and ciliates in these experiments is direct mechanical interference or predation, rather than exploitative competition.

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“…Lampert (1994) showed experimentally that daphniids grown at very low concentrations of food can have filter screen areas twice as large as those grown at high levels of food. He interpreted this response as a phenotypic adaptation to a low-food environment.At low concentrations of food, higher filtering rates result in higher feeding rates (McMahon and Rigler 1965). Increased feeding rates result in lower threshold food concentrations for growth (Lampert 1977), hence very small differences in filtering rates have a pronounced effect on the animal's energy budget when food is scarce (Lampert 1984).…”

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Strategies of phenotypic low‐food adaptation in Daphnia: Filter screens, mesh sizes, and appendage beat rates

Lampert

Brendelberger

1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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Daphnia collects more food at low particle concentrations by increasing its maximum filtering rate either by enlarging the area of its filter screens or by increasing its appendage beat rate (ABR). Various species of Daphnia grown at low levels of food phenotypically enlarge their filter screens. Models of the flow across a filter predict that the energy required to obtain a certain increase in filtering rate is a linear function of the screen area but increases proportionally to the square of ABR. A daphniid should be able to increase its filtering rate without expending more energy if it enlarges the filter and sirnultaneously reduces ABR. To test the model predictions, we measured morphometric parameters (areas, OF en space, intersetular distances) of the filters and ABR for Daphnia adapted to high food and to low food. Daphniids adapted to low food not only have larger filter screens, they also have finer meshes. In Daphnia adapted to low food, mean ABR is slightly reduced and there is a negative relationship between filter-screen area and ABR in the low-food treatment. Gains in filtering rate are higher and reductions in ABR are lower than predicted by the equilibrium model, hence Daphnia optimizes input rather than minimizing energy expenditures for filtering.Since Koza and KoEinek (1985) reported an increase in the size of filtering screens on the 3rd and 4th limbs of Daphnia at low concentrations of food, more evidence has accumulated that indicates that this is a common phenomenon in the genus (e.g. Pop 199 1; Stuchlik 199 1). Lampert (1994) showed experimentally that daphniids grown at very low concentrations of food can have filter screen areas twice as large as those grown at high levels of food. He interpreted this response as a phenotypic adaptation to a low-food environment.At low concentrations of food, higher filtering rates result in higher feeding rates (McMahon and Rigler 1965). Increased feeding rates result in lower threshold food concentrations for growth (Lampert 1977), hence very small differences in filtering rates have a pronounced effect on the animal's energy budget when food is scarce (Lampert 1984).If daphniids phenotypically adjust their filter-screen areas under low-food conditions to gather more food or decrease the areas at high levels of food instead of maintaining large filters all the time, one might expect that maintenance of large filter bears some costs that can be saved by having smaller filters. To increase filtering rate, a daphniid would have two options, increase either the pumping rate (appendage beat rate) or the efficiency of the filtering structures (e.g. filter-screen size). The first option would increase the flow rate across the filter meshes while the second option would have no effect on the AcknowledgmentsWe thank James F. Haney and John J. Sasner for allowing us to copy their video system for appendage beat rate measurements. Maren Volquardscn and Heinke Claussen measured filter screen areas of daphniids used for beat rate analysis, and Nancy Zeh...

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Feeding Rate of Daphnia Magna Straus in Different Foods Labeled With Radioactive Phosphorus1

Cited by 212 publications

References 0 publications

PARTICLE SIZE AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF TWO SPECIES OF DAPHNIA

PARTICLE SIZE AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF TWO SPECIES OF DAPHNIA

Relative vulnerabilities of natural rotifer and ciliate communities to cladocerans: laboratory and field experiments

Strategies of phenotypic low‐food adaptation in Daphnia: Filter screens, mesh sizes, and appendage beat rates

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