Feeding Posture of Modern Stalked Crinoids

Macurda, Donald B.; Meyer, David L.

doi:10.1038/247394a0

Cited by 122 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Miller 1978, Thurston 1979, Lampitt et al 1983, Wilson & Smith 1984, Himmelman 1988, McQuinn et al 1988, Lapointe 1991, and the orientation of food-capturing organs of suspension feeders (crinoids, brittle-stars, and sea cucumbers) is adjusted to current conditions (e.g. Meyer 1973, Macurda & Meyer 1974, Warner & Woodley 1975, Woodley 1975, Olscher & Fedra 1977, LaBarbera 1978. Current conditions might also be expected to influence predators which rely on olfaction to detect and localize prey in subtidal habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging strategy of the asteroid Leptasterias polaris: role of prey odors, current and feeding status

Rochette¹,

Hamel²,

Jh³

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We performed laboratory experiments to investigate the perception and localization of prey by the subtidal asteroid Leptasterias polaris. Motivation to eat greatly influences its responsiveness to current and waterborne odors from prey. Fed asteroids behave erratically, whereas asteroids starved for 2 mo exhibit predictable behaviors revealing the species' foraging strategy. In the absence of prey, starved asteroids search by moving cross-current which increases the probability of encountering odor plumes. In conditions of varying current velocities (differences of 0.5 to 1 cm S-'), movement is cross-stream towards the stronger current and 2-to 3-fold faster in strong (ca l 7 cm S-') than in weak (ca 0.7 cm S-') current. We hypothesize that strong currents are preferred because they increase the spatial definition of odor plumes which facilitates localizing prey. When starved L. polaris perceive prey, they move upstream towards the odor plume. Because this should reduce the predator's conspicuousness, it may increase its chances of captunng the prey.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging strategy of the asteroid Leptasterias polaris: role of prey odors, current and feeding status

Rochette¹,

Hamel²,

Jh³

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In order to obtain enough particles, an increased effectiveness of filter feeding would represent an evolutionary advantage. As shown by Macurda and Meyer (1974) or Roux (1987), the morphology and feeding posture of Recent crinoids depend on current energy as well as on turbulence formation. In slow currents without much turbulence, the filtration fan is opened to its full extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ecophenotypic variations of Encrinus liliiformis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from the middle Triassic Muschelkalk of Southwest Germany

Dynowski

Nebelsick

2010

Swiss J Palaeontol

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Encrinus liliiformis is a well known crinoid from the middle Triassic Muschelkalk of Europe. A statistical analysis of crown shape was conducted in order to quantify possible differences in crown morphology of E. liliiformis originating from three localities in Southwest Germany (Upper Muschelkalk). These differences basically refer to the length of the brachia and ornamentation patterns on the aboral surfaces of the brachials. The populations originate from different environments: Crailsheim, reflecting a shallow water habitat on a carbonate ramp; Neckarwestheim and Mistlau, originating from a deeper basinal environment. The analysis led to a distinction of two ecophenotypes adapted to the varying habitats: (1) an ecophenotype originating in shallow water showing shorter brachia with less ornamented surfaces of brachials; this type is represented by the Crailsheim population; (2) an ecophenotype originating in a deeper water environment showing longer brachia and a higher degree of ornamentation on brachial surfaces, as represented by the Neckarwestheim population. The crinoids from the Mistlau locality take up an intermediate position in morphology, but the low number of specimens does not allow for statistically significant comparisons. Interpretations of these differences in crown morphology are made with respect to reactions to predatory pressure as well as to variations in water flow energy which is of prime importance for obtaining food resources for these filter feeding animals.

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“…Ordovician crinoids, are thought to have lacked muscles in their arms (Ausich and Baumiller, 1993); therefore, they could not have formed a parabolic filtration fan like modern crinoids (Macurda and Meyer, 1974). The filtration fans of Ectenocrinus, Cincinnaticrinus, and Glyptocrinus could have varied in shape but varied from a narrow to a widely open conical filtration fan.…”

Section: Assemblage Paleoecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deepwater occurrence of a newGlyptocrinus(Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Late Ordovician of southwestern Ohio and northern Kentucky: revision of crinoid paleocommunity composition

Kallmeyer¹,

Ausich

2015

J. paleontol.

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A new crinoid association reported from the Kope Formation (Katian, Ordovician) of northern Kentucky and southwestern Ohio changes the model for facies distribution of crinoids along an Ordovician onshoreoffshore depth gradient. Glyptocrinus nodosus n. sp., Plicodendrocrinus casei (Meek, 1871), Cincinnaticrinus varibrachialis (Warn and Strimple, 1977), and Ectenocrinus simplex (Hall, 1847) are reported from a suspensionfeeding assemblage with 26 taxa. This assemblage developed above an argillaceous packstone with most of the fossils preserved in shale. The fauna was comprised principally of secondary epifaunally tiered suspension feeders, deposit feeders, and predators. This is the first reported occurrence of Glyptocrinus Hall, 1847 and Plicodendrocrinus Brower, 1995 from the Kope Formation (lower Cincinnatian), and Glyptocrinus is represented by a new species, G. nodosus. Also, this is the first report of pinnulate camerate crinoids from the deep-water facies of the Kope Formation. Thus, deep-water Cincinnatian crinoid assemblages were comprised of disparids, cladids, and camerates; and the assemblage was characterized by a variety of filtration fan types for acquisition of resources.

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Feeding Posture of Modern Stalked Crinoids

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Foraging strategy of the asteroid Leptasterias polaris: role of prey odors, current and feeding status

Foraging strategy of the asteroid Leptasterias polaris: role of prey odors, current and feeding status

Ecophenotypic variations of Encrinus liliiformis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from the middle Triassic Muschelkalk of Southwest Germany

Deepwater occurrence of a newGlyptocrinus(Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Late Ordovician of southwestern Ohio and northern Kentucky: revision of crinoid paleocommunity composition

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