Feeding of low birth weight babies

Singh, Meharban

doi:10.1007/bf02813165

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have reported that infants with LBW or IUGR or who were SGA have a lower percentage of T or B lymphocytes and lower vaccine-specific IgG responses (2,3,21) than do newborn infants with NBW (6,(22)(23)(24). However, the persistence of these defects in older children has not been detected (25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Low birth weight is associated with altered immune function in rural Bangladeshi children: a birth cohort study

Raqib

Alam

Sarker

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

127

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Background: Low birth weight is generally an outcome of a fetal insult or nutritional insufficiency. Recent studies have shown that such exposure early in life may have long-term implications for later immunocompetence and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of birth weight on immune function in preschool-age children. Design: A birth cohort cross-sectional study was conducted in children (n ҃ 132) aged 60.8 Ȁ 0.32 mo who were born in Matlab, a rural area of Bangladesh, and whose weight and length were measured within 72 h of birth. The outcome measures were thymopoiesis, T cell turnover, acute phase response, and percentage of lymphocytes. Results: Children born with low birth weight (2500 g; LBW group, n ҃ 66) had significantly higher concentrations of T cell receptor excision circles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells-a biomarker for thymopoiesis-and significantly higher serum bactericidal activity and C-reactive protein concentrations than did children born with normal birth weight (ͧ2500 g; NBW group, n ҃ 66) (P 0.05 for both). The LBW group children had significantly lower concentrations of interleukin 7 in plasma (P ҃ 0.02), shorter telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P ҃ 0.02), and a lower percentage of CD3 T cells (P ҃ 0.06) than did the NBW group children. Conclusions: Greater peripheral T cell turnover (shorter telomeres and lower CD3 concentrations) due to immune activation (elevated C-reactive protein concentrations and bactericidal activity) may have resulted in a greater need for replenishment from the thymus (higher T cell receptor excision circles); these events may cause lower immune functional reserve in preschool-age children born with LBW. Thus, LBW has implications for immunocompetence and increased vulnerability to infectious diseases in later life.Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:845-52.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Low birth weight is associated with altered immune function in rural Bangladeshi children: a birth cohort study

Raqib

Alam

Sarker

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the variations in the immune status between term LBW and NBW newborns is only partially understood as there are only a few studies available in this area which focus primarily on comparing immunoglobulin classes, complement levels, T-and B-cell counts. It has been shown that LBW newborns have lower levels of IgG [13,14,15], impaired early IgA and IgM synthesis [15], and lower T-and B-lymphocyte percentage [13,16,17] than the NBW newborns, whereas little is known about their potential differences in innate immunity. A larger picture comprising exact components and mechanisms involved in defective innate immune signaling in term LBW newborns remains yet to be drawn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling, Interferon-Signature, and Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein Gene Expression in Cord Blood of Term Low Birth Weight Human Newborns

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMorbidity and mortality rates of low birth weight (LBW) newborns at term are higher than rates in normal birth weight (NBW) newborns. LBW newborns are at greater risk to acquire recurrent bacterial and viral infections during their first few weeks of life possibly as an outcome of compromised innate immune functions. As adaptive immunity is in a naive state, increased risk of infection of LBW as compared to NBW newborns may reflect impairments in innate immunity.MethodologyTo characterize the increased susceptibility to infections in LBW newborns we used microarray technology to identify differences in gene expression in LBW newborns (n = 8) compared to NBW newborns (n = 4) using cord blood. The results obtained from the microarray study were validated on a larger number of samples using real time RT-PCR (LBW = 22, NBW = 18) and western blotting (LBW = 12, NBW = 12). The Interferome database was used to identify interferon (IFN) signature genes and ingenuity pathway analysis identified canonical pathways and biological functions associated with the differentially expressed genes in LBW newborns. ELISAs for IFNs and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein were performed in both LBW and NBW newborns and in adults (LBW = 18, NBW = 18, Adults = 8).Principal FindingsUpon microarray analysis, we identified 1,391 differentially expressed genes, of which, 1,065 genes were down-regulated and 326 genes were up-regulated in the LBW compared to NBW newborns. Of note, 70 IFN-signature genes were found to be significantly down-regulated in LBW compared to NBW newborns. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed pattern recognition receptors signaling including Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) -1, -5, and -8 genes and IFN signaling as the most significantly impacted pathways. Respiratory infectious diseases were the most significantly affected bio-functions in LBW newborns.Conclusion and SignificanceDiminished PRRs, IFN-signature, and BPI gene expression raises the possibility that impairments in these pathways contribute to the susceptibility of LBW term infants to infection.

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Feeding of low birth weight babies

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Low birth weight is associated with altered immune function in rural Bangladeshi children: a birth cohort study

Low birth weight is associated with altered immune function in rural Bangladeshi children: a birth cohort study

Decreased Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling, Interferon-Signature, and Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein Gene Expression in Cord Blood of Term Low Birth Weight Human Newborns

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