Feeding infants and toddlers study: improvements needed in meeting infant feeding recommendations

Briefel, Ronette; Reidy, Kathleen; Karwe, Vatsala; Devaney, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2003.10.020

Cited by 127 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition, feeding practices that are more frequent among lower-educated mothers would tend to have lower prevalence in the IFPS II than in the FITS, because lower-educated mothers were underrepresented in the IFPS II. IFPS II and FITS results were consistent on all of the unhealthful feeding practices that could be compared: the introduction of solid foods before 4 months, the introduction of solid foods after 6 months, 22 the feeding of juice or juice drinks before 6 months, 23 the feeding of cow's milk before 12 months, 22 no daily feeding of fruits or vegetables, 23 and the feeding of food from a restaurant. 18 Results from the FITS also showed an identical median number of times that the infant was fed daily 13 and a similar pattern of moving away from baby foods to table foods by 12 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Selected Complementary Feeding Practices and Their Association With Maternal Education

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE. As infants transition from a milk-based diet to one that includes most food groups, the timing of the transition, how infants are fed, and the quality of their diet can have important health implications. Our objective is to describe these factors for US infants.METHODS. We analyzed data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II. Sample sizes varied for relevant questions from ϳ1600 to ϳ2400. We analyzed the prevalence of 14 feeding practices and their association with the mothers' education and also examined participants' use of commercial baby foods.RESULTS. Approximately 21% of the mothers introduced solid foods before 4 months; 7% introduced solids after 6 months. Twenty-nine percent of the mothers introduced Ͼ3 new foods per week to infants aged 5 to 10 months. Approximately 20% of the mothers fed juice before 6 months, fed cow's milk before 12 months, and fed infants Ͻ5 times per day after 5 months. Fourteen percent of the mothers chewed food for their infant. Approximately 15% of the mothers fed Ͻ1 serving daily of either a fruit or vegetable to infants aged Ն9 months, half added salt to their infant's food, and more than one third who added salt used noniodized salt. Approximately 20% fed reduced-fat cow's milk at 1 year. Almost half of the 10-month-old infants had eaten restaurant food in a restaurant in the previous week, 22% had eaten carry-out food, and 28% had eaten either type of restaurant food Ն2 times. The prevalence of 8 of the 14 unhealthful infant feeding practices we examined was inversely associated with maternal education.CONCLUSIONS. Nutrition and feeding guidance should be especially targeted to mothers with a high school education or less. Pediatrics 2008;122:S91-S97

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Selected Complementary Feeding Practices and Their Association With Maternal Education

et al. 2008

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“…60 However, maintenance of breastfeeding for the first 4 to 6 months of life has been less successful. Only 4% of infants participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and 17% of the nonparticipants remain exclusively breastfed at 6 months of age.…”

Section: Scientific Support For Current Dietary Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…72,73 It has been decades since the majority of meals were consumed within the home. [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] Sources of nourishment include schools, child-care and after-school youth programs, restaurants, vending machines, convenience stores, work sites, and foods prepared by industry designed for minimal preparation time in the household. 74 Common situations affecting food preparation include households in which both parents work, single-parent households, and work schedules that demand that parents be away from home at mealtime.…”

Section: Implementation Of Dietary Recommendations Including Considermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,126 Current feeding practices and guidelines are influenced by small-scale studies of infant feeding behavior, idiosyncratic parental behavior, and popular opinion. 17,60,127,128 Food-consumption data suggest that infants are currently exposed to a wide variety of "kid" foods that tend to be high in fat and sugar, including excess juice, juicebased sweetened beverages, French fries, and nutrientpoor snacks. 61 Usual food intakes of infants and young children may exceed estimated energy requirements.…”

Section: Birth To 2 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners

Gidding¹,

Dennison²,

Birch³

et al. 2006

Pediatrics

410

128

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Since the American Heart Association last presented nutrition guidelines for children, significant changes have occurred in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and nutrition behaviors in children. Overweight has increased, whereas saturated fat and cholesterol intake have decreased, at least as percentage of total caloric intake. Better understanding of children's cardiovascular risk status and current diet is available from national survey data. New research on the efficacy of diet intervention in children has been published. Also, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of nutrition early in life, including the fetal milieu. This scientific statement summarizes current available information on cardiovascular nutrition in children and makes recommendations for both primordial and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease beginning at a young age.

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“…1,2 The transition from a diet of human milk and/or infant formula to a diet consisting of cow' s milk, nonmilk beverages, and solid foods may compromise a child' s nutritional status. 3 Much of the current understanding of nutritional impact on immune outcomes derives from animal studies, which are easily controlled for specific dietary components or from populations whose nutrient deficiencies are endemic. 4 A systematic review of studies on diets of well-nourished children ,5 years of age from developed countries identified a prevalence of incomplete adherence to dietary guidelines, indicating that there is room for improvement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT

Jin

Liu

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: Children are vulnerable to diet inadequacies, which may affect immune function. Our objective was to determine if a follow-up formula (FUF) containing DHA, the prebiotics PDX and GOS, and yeast β-glucan affects incidence of respiratory infections and diarrheal disease in healthy children. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled, prospective trial, 3-4 year old children were fed 3 servings per day of either a FUF with 25 mg DHA, 1.2 g PDX/GOS, and 8.7 mg yeast β-glucan per serving or an unfortified, cow’s milk-based beverage (control) for 28 weeks. Fecal and blood samples were collected to assess immune markers and iron/zinc status. Incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrheal disease, and antibiotic treatment were obtained from medical records. RESULTS: The FUF group had fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI (mean days [SE]; control = 4.3 [0.2]; FUF = 3.5 [0.2]; P = .007), less antibiotic use (n [%]; control = 21 [14%]; FUF = 8 [5%]; P = .01), and fewer missed days of day care due to illness. No diarrheal disease was diagnosed in either group. The FUF group had higher interleukin-10 and white blood cell count at the end of the study. There were no differences in hemoglobin, serum ferritin and zinc, or fecal secretory immunoglobulin A. CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of a FUF was associated with fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI, as well as less antibiotic use. The children who consumed the FUF had increased interleukin-10 and white blood cells, suggesting an antiinflammatory mechanism and/or an increase of effector immune cells.

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Feeding infants and toddlers study: improvements needed in meeting infant feeding recommendations

Cited by 127 publications

References 18 publications

Selected Complementary Feeding Practices and Their Association With Maternal Education

Selected Complementary Feeding Practices and Their Association With Maternal Education

Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners

Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT

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