Feeding Emitters for Microirrigation with a Digestate Liquid Fraction up to 25% Dilution Did Not Reduce Their Performance

Bergonzoli, Simone; Brambilla, Massimo; Romano, Elio; Saia, Sergio; Cetera, Paola; Cutini, Maurizio; Toscano, Pietro; Bisaglia, C.; Pari, Luigi

doi:10.3390/agronomy10081150

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…To overcome these issues, statistical analyses was conducted through a generalized linear mixed model (Glimmix procedure in SAS/STAT 9.; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The model used was built for unbalanced designs (see Suardi et al, 2020 ; Bergonzoli et al, 2020 for details on procedure). Fixed factors were Age and Month nested within the Age (hereafter expressed as ‘M(A)’ or ‘Month (Age)’); random factors included Year of sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raptors bred in captivity: semen characteristics and assisted reproduction outcome in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

Fausto

Taddei

Batocco

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Three sexually mature goshawks reared in captivity and imprinted on humans to express reproductive behavior according to the cooperative method were studied for three consecutive breeding seasons to assess the quality of their sperm. The following parameters were analyzed: ejaculate volume and sperm concentration, motility, viability, and morphology. Ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and motility fluctuated along the reproductive season, revealing the greatest quality of the reproductive material at full springtime (i.e., April). Motility of the sperm collected in March strongly reduced with age, contrary to samples collected in April or May. Sperm viability was not influenced by either age or month of collection within each season. Ultrastructural investigations provided information on normal sperm morphology for the first time in this species. The morphological categories of sperm defects in fresh semen, present at low percentages, are also described. Functional analyses (perivitelline membrane assay and artificial inseminations) confirmed the good quality of the semen obtained using the cooperative method. The reported data provide the basis for further studies aimed at developing protocols to improve the outcome of artificial insemination and semen cryopreservation in the goshawk as well as other bird of prey species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raptors bred in captivity: semen characteristics and assisted reproduction outcome in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

Fausto

Taddei

Batocco

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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“…Data on cumulative germination at increasing the time from sowing in plate were treated with a GLIMMIX procedure as above. In the Glimmix procedures, Strategy 1 included the inclusion of the effect of time as a class variable with no parameter estimation after application of a heterogeneous autoregressive covariance structure to the time of sampling to take into account the repeated measurements as applied in [41]. Strategy 2 included the inclusion of time as a continuous variable with all treatments (either continuous or class) parameter estimation through the application of the 'solution' option in the model statement.…”

Section: Computations and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene and Chitosan Affected the Seed Yield Components of Onion Depending More on the Dose than Timing of Application

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: the production of onion seeds is limited by the competition between seeds and the vegetative organs and by scape lodging. However, information on the effects of plant growth regulation on onion seed production is scarce. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the seed yield components and germination ability of onion seeds as affected by the timing and dose of an ethylene application, a plant growth regulator able to modulate shoot–flower competition; and chitosan, an elicitor of plant defense mechanisms able to increase its tolerance to various stresses. (2) Methods: Onion was treated with ethylene at the recommended dose (100% RD) of a commercial product, at 150% RD in two contrasting phenological phases or untreated (control), or ‘with’ or ‘without’ chitosan, and the seed yield components and germination trend were measured. (3) Results: 100% RD at an early phase of growth did not influence the seed yield and increased the thousand seed weight (TSW) by 3.2%. The application of 150% RD decreased the seed yield by 33.5%, and this occurred irrespective of the timing of application. Such decreases were due to a reduction in the number of seeds per flower. The application of chitosan did not affect the crop at 100% RD and increased the seed yield and slightly increased, but not significantly, the TSW under 150% RD. Germination of the fresh seed was 92%, and 17 months of aging reduced it by 14%, with no effects of the treatments on the germination pattern. (4) Conclusions: the ethylene application mostly affected TSW but not the yield, whereas high doses of ethylene reduced yields irrespective of the timing of application. Such a result may have been due to a delay in the flowering onset that occurred in a relatively dry month. Chitosan sustained its yield when the yield potential was reduced by 150% RD, and such a result was likely due to physical protection from the transpiration since the synthetic fungicides applied did not likely allow the pathogens to infections. These results have implications for establishing the timing and dose of application of plant growth regulators and elicitors in seed onions to sustain the seed quality.

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“…In particular, the N fertilization was nested into the mixture ratio and the replicate in the plant species was added as a random factor. Additionally, a heterogeneous autoregressive covariance structure was applied to the time of sampling to take into account the repeated measurements, as applied in [49]. The dates of sampling were considered ordinal (i.e., first, second and third) without taking into account the variation of the growing degree days or time between each pair of data, since the biomass traits (and especially the dry matter content) strongly varied among the sampling moments, and 3 temporal moments do not allow one to correct for the temporal structure of the design.…”

Section: Computations and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbage and Silage Quality Improved More by Mixing Barley and Faba Bean Than by N Fertilization or Stage of Harvest

Angeletti

Mariotti²,

Tozzi³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Legume–cereal mixtures are pivotal in yielding a more balanced forage composition compared to the sole crops, due to the well-adjusted equilibrium of carbohydrate and protein. However, great attention is required in choosing the optimal ratio of the components for the mixtures and other agronomic practices (including N fertilization and stage of harvest), because they can sharply change the forage composition and quality. To fill this gap, the present research compared the herbage and silage qualities and key fermentative and nutritional traits of biomasses obtained by: (i) five mixtures (i.e., 100:0; 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100) of hybrid barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor); (ii) two N barley fertilization rates (0 vs. 140 kg N ha−1); and (iii) three stages of harvest (milky, early dough and soft dough). We found that the presence of faba bean improved the forage quality, either herbage or silage, through different mechanisms. In the herbage mixtures, faba bean inclusion increased crude protein (CP), and, when compared to the fertilized barley, also water-soluble sugar (WSCs) concentration, with small effects on the relative feed values (RFV) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). In the silage, the higher the faba bean share in the mixture, the higher the RFV, the non-fibrous carbohydrates, and total and lactic acid concentrations, and the lower the pH and the hemicellulose and cellulose concentrations, particularly at the early and mid stages of harvest. These improvements were likely due to the high ability of faba bean to attain a vegetative status (i.e., low dry matter concentration) by the end of the cropping season, and to improve the organic acid production. Our results suggest that the inclusion of faba bean in a barley-based silage system can widen the window for silage harvesting, thanks to its ability to sustain the fermentation process, despite a lower WSC to CP ratio compared to the unfertilized barley. These results occurred almost irrespectively of the faba bean share in the mixture and barley fertilization. This implies that when designing intercrop mixtures, the effect of crop densities on yield should be considered more than on quality.

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Feeding Emitters for Microirrigation with a Digestate Liquid Fraction up to 25% Dilution Did Not Reduce Their Performance

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Raptors bred in captivity: semen characteristics and assisted reproduction outcome in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

Raptors bred in captivity: semen characteristics and assisted reproduction outcome in goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

Ethylene and Chitosan Affected the Seed Yield Components of Onion Depending More on the Dose than Timing of Application

Herbage and Silage Quality Improved More by Mixing Barley and Faba Bean Than by N Fertilization or Stage of Harvest

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