Feeding dried chicory root to pigs decrease androstenone accumulation in fat by increasing hepatic 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression

Rasmussen, Martin Krøyer; Brunius, Carl; Zamaratskaia, Galia; Ekstrand, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.01.003

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Contrary to our first study, we could not find any effect of tannin supplementation on skatole deposited in fat. The effect of dietary supplements on the concentration of androstenone in adipose tissue is less known except for studies of Rasmussen et al (2012). In this study, chicory root as dietary supplement was found to be related to higher expression of the enzyme 3β-HSD, which is essential for hepatic metabolism as it catalyzes the transformation of androstenone to β-androstenol.…”

Section: Zootechnical Performance Testes Weight Boar Taint Compoundmentioning

confidence: 64%

Chestnut wood extract in boar diet reduces intestinal skatole production, a boar taint compound

Bilić-Šobot

Zamaratskaia

Rasmussen

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Abandoning traditional practice of piglet castration will impact the pigmeat sector. As a consequence, there is a need for research aiming at reducing boar taint caused by androstenone and skatole. Skatole is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) in the liver. Skatole hepatic clearance is believed to be hindered by androstenone. Diet ingredients may modify skatole metabolism. Therefore, we tested the effect of hydrolysable tannins. We fed 51 young boars with 1-3 % chestnut wood extract as supplementary diet. After slaughter, the tissues were collected to assess androstenone and skatole accumulation in fat and to measure CYP450 activities, gene, and protein expression in the liver and intestine. Protein expression of two enzymes involved in androstenone metabolism, 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and sulfotransferase family 2A member 1 (SULT2A1), was assessed, and feces collected to evaluate skatole production. Results show that intestinal skatole production in boars supplemented with 3 % of chestnut wood extract was more than halved. The intestinal catalytic activities of CYP450 were tenfold lower than hepatic and were mainly unaffected by tannins. Findings indicate a potential effect of tannins on steroidogenesis, which in the absence of effect on 3β-HSD and SULT2A1 expression suggests lower synthesis of androstenone due to tannins.

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Section: Zootechnical Performance Testes Weight Boar Taint Compoundmentioning

confidence: 64%

Chestnut wood extract in boar diet reduces intestinal skatole production, a boar taint compound

Bilić-Šobot

Zamaratskaia

Rasmussen

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…Clinical evidence exists for the induction of CYP2A6 by quercetin and broccoli [ 4 , 29 ] ( Table 2(a) ). In animals, chicory appears to induce CYP2A enzymes [ 41 ] and rosemary and garlic may upregulate CYP2B activity [ 9 , 37 ]. Clinical studies using resveratrol and garden cress indicate CYP2D6 inhibition [ 28 , 55 ] ( Table 2(b) ).…”

Section: The Metabolic Pathways Of Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways Using Foods and Food-Derived Components: A Scientific Review with Clinical Application

Hodges

Minich

2015

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

175

108

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Research into human biotransformation and elimination systems continues to evolve. Various clinical and in vivo studies have been undertaken to evaluate the effects of foods and food-derived components on the activity of detoxification pathways, including phase I cytochrome P450 enzymes, phase II conjugation enzymes, Nrf2 signaling, and metallothionein. This review summarizes the research in this area to date, highlighting the potential for foods and nutrients to support and/or modulate detoxification functions. Clinical applications to alter detoxification pathway activity and improve patient outcomes are considered, drawing on the growing understanding of the relationship between detoxification functions and different disease states, genetic polymorphisms, and drug-nutrient interactions. Some caution is recommended, however, due to the limitations of current research as well as indications that many nutrients exert biphasic, dose-dependent effects and that genetic polymorphisms may alter outcomes. A whole-foods approach may, therefore, be prudent.

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“…Dietary components most likely accelerated androstenone hepatic metabolism and therefore reduced the concentrations in fat. In another study, chicory root affected both global androstenone levels in male pigs and the levels of 3β-HSD expressed in the liver [101]. …”

Section: Dietary Influence On 3β-hsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, there are hypothetically two ways of connecting 3β-HSD to androstenone levels in male animals: Either inhibiting testis activity and thereby decreasing androstenone synthesis or increasing liver activity and thereby increasing androstenone degradation. There are indications that this second effect can be achieved via bioactive components in the feed, e.g., chicory root [101]. …”

Section: The Boar Taint Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 Isomerase: A Review

Rasmussen

Ekstrand

Zamaratskaia

2013

IJMS

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This review focuses on the expression and regulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD), with emphasis on the porcine version. 3β-HSD is often associated with steroidogenesis, but its function in the metabolism of both steroids and xenobiotics is more obscure. Based on currently available literature covering humans, rodents and pigs, this review provides an overview of the present knowledge concerning the regulatory mechanisms for 3β-HSD at all omic levels. The HSD isoenzymes are essential in steroid hormone metabolism, both in the synthesis and degradation of steroids. They display tissue-specific expression and factors influencing their activity, which therefore indicates their tissue-specific responses. 3β-HSD is involved in the synthesis of a number of natural steroid hormones, including progesterone and testosterone, and the hepatic degradation of the pheromone androstenone. In general, a number of signaling and regulatory pathways have been demonstrated to influence 3β-HSD transcription and activity, e.g., JAK-STAT, LH/hCG, ERα, AR, SF-1 and PPARα. The expression and enzymic activity of 3β-HSD are also influenced by external factors, such as dietary composition. Much of the research conducted on porcine 3β-HSD is motivated by its importance for the occurrence of the boar taint phenomenon that results from high concentrations of steroids such as androstenone. This topic is also examined in this review.

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Feeding dried chicory root to pigs decrease androstenone accumulation in fat by increasing hepatic 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Chestnut wood extract in boar diet reduces intestinal skatole production, a boar taint compound

Chestnut wood extract in boar diet reduces intestinal skatole production, a boar taint compound

Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways Using Foods and Food-Derived Components: A Scientific Review with Clinical Application

Regulation of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 Isomerase: A Review

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