Feeding a diet containing resistant potato starch influences gastrointestinal tract traits and growth performance of weaned pigs1

Heo, Jung Min; Agyekum, A. K.; Yin, Yulong; Rideout, Todd C; Nyachoti, C. M.

doi:10.2527/jas.2013-7289

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Particularly, butyrate may support mucosal functioning as the preferred energy source of colonocytes in both humans and pigs, whereas acetate and propionate contribute to systemic energy homeostasis [47]. Due to the greater availability of carbohydrates, natural RS lowered branched-chain fatty acids, as potential harmful fermentation products and markers for protein fermentation [48], in the large intestine of growing pigs [13]. Although branched-chain fatty acids were elevated by the EMS feeding in the present study, the post-ileal disappearance of protein, however, indicated similar protein fermentation in the large intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Newman¹,

Zebeli²,

Velde³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Aside from being used as stabilizing agents in many processed foods, chemically modified starches may act as functional dietary ingredients. Therefore, development of chemically modified starches that are less digestible in the upper intestinal segments and promote fermentation in the hindgut receives considerable attention. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an enzymatically modified starch (EMS) on nutrient flow, passage rate, and bacterial activity at ileal and post-ileal level. Eight ileal-cannulated growing pigs were fed 2 diets containing 72% purified starch (EMS or waxy cornstarch as control) in a cross-over design for 10 d, followed by a 4-d collection of feces and 2-d collection of ileal digesta. On d 17, solid and liquid phase markers were added to the diet to determine ileal digesta flow for 8 h after feeding. Reduced small intestinal digestion after the consumption of the EMS diet was indicated by a 10%-increase in ileal flow and fecal excretion of dry matter and energy compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Moreover, EMS feeding reduced ileal transit time of both liquid and solid fractions compared to the control diet (P<0.05). The greater substrate flow to the large intestine with the EMS diet increased the concentrations of total and individual short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in feces (P<0.05). Total bacterial 16S rRNA gene abundance was not affected by diet, whereas the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus group decreased (P<0.01) by 50% and of Enterobacteriaceae tended (P<0.1) to increase by 20% in ileal digesta with the EMS diet compared to the control diet. In conclusion, EMS appears to resemble a slowly digestible starch by reducing intestinal transit and increasing SCFA in the distal large intestine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Newman¹,

Zebeli²,

Velde³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Dietary intake of resistant starches may make the intestinal ecosystem less hospitable for potential pathogens and limit the negative impact of weaning on mammalian health. For example, feeding resistant potato starch (RPS) to nursery-aged piglets enhances some markers of gut health (12). However, the mechanisms by which RPS supports intestinal health in the weaned mammal are poorly defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant potato starch fuels beneficial host-microbe interactions in the gut

Trachsel¹,

Briggs²,

Gabler³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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20Interactions between diet, the microbiota, and the host set the ecological conditions in the gut 21 and have broad implications for health. Prebiotics are dietary compounds that may shift these 22 conditions towards health by promoting the growth of beneficial microbes. Pigs fed a diet 23 amended with 5% resistant potato starch (RPS) exhibited alterations associated with gut health 24 relative to swine fed an unamended diet (CON). RPS intake increased abundances of anaerobic 25 Clostridia in feces and several tissues, as well as intestinal concentrations of butyrate. 26 Functional gene amplicons suggested bacteria similar to Anaerostipes hadrus were stimulated by 27 RPS intake. The CON treatment exhibited increased abundances of several genera of 28 Proteobacteria (which utilize respiratory metabolisms) in several location. RPS intake increased 29 the abundance of regulatory T cells in the cecum, but not periphery, and cecal immune status 30 alterations were indicative of enhanced mucosal defenses. A network analysis of host and 31 microbial changes in the cecum revealed that regulatory T cells positively correlated with 32 butyrate concentration, luminal IgA concentration, expression of IL-6 and DEF1B, and several 33 mucosa-associated bacterial taxa. Thus, the administration of RPS modulated the microbiota and 34 host response, improved cecal barrier function, promoted immunological tolerance, and reduced 35 the niche for bacterial respiration.36 Importance 37The gut microbiota is central to host health. Many disease states and disorders appear to 38 arise from interactions between the gut microbial community and host immune system. As a 39 result, methods and interventions to support the growth and activity of beneficial gut microbes 40 are being actively pursued. Feeding the gut microbiota with dietary compounds, known as 41 prebiotics, is one of the most promising ways to support gut health. Here we describe a 42 successful prebiotic intervention in weaning swine, a relevant translational model for human 43 health. This work unites microbial and immunological data and demonstrates one way a 44 prebiotic intervention can play out for the benefit of the host. 45 46 Introduction 47 Dietary prebiotics, such as resistant starches, provide an attractive alternative to 48 antibiotics for improved animal health, including humans (1). Resistant starches are compounds 49 that are not digested by the host in the small intestine, thereby arriving in the large intestine as 50 microbial-accessible carbohydrates. Bacteria that consume resistant starches are normal members 51 of the microbiota and are associated with intestinal health (2). Without access to diet-derived 52 carbohydrates, bacteria will harvest host-derived sugars from the intestinal mucus layer, 53 compromising barrier function (3). However, if dietary carbohydrates are accessible, bacteria 54 will ferment these compounds and release beneficial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty 55 acids (SCFAs). Host cells consume the vast majority of ...

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“…Using pig as an animal model, Heo et al found that feeding a diet containing resistant potato starch showed benefits of gastrointestinal tract traits and growth performance of weaned pigs [12]. Resistant potato starch supplementation decreased ileal and cecal digesta pH.…”

Section: Health Benefits Of Resistant Starchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Starch Regulates Gut Microbiota: Structure, Biochemistry and Cell Signalling

Yang

Darko

Huang

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Starch is one of the most popular nutritional sources for both human and animals. Due to the variation of its nutritional traits and biochemical specificities, starch has been classified into rapidly digestible, slowly digestible and resistant starch. Resistant starch has its own unique chemical structure, and various forms of resistant starch are commercially available. It has been found being a multiple-functional regulator for treating metabolic dysfunction. Different functions of resistant starch such as modulation of the gut microbiota, gut peptides, circulating growth factors, circulating inflammatory mediators have been characterized by animal studies and clinical trials. In this mini-review, recent remarkable progress in resistant starch on gut microbiota, particularly the effect of structure, biochemistry and cell signaling on nutrition has been summarized, with highlights on its regulatory effect on gut microbiota.

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Feeding a diet containing resistant potato starch influences gastrointestinal tract traits and growth performance of weaned pigs1

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Resistant potato starch fuels beneficial host-microbe interactions in the gut

Resistant Starch Regulates Gut Microbiota: Structure, Biochemistry and Cell Signalling

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