Feedbacks of Alpine Wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau to the Atmosphere

Wei, Da; Zhao, Hui; Huang, Lin; Qi, Yahui

doi:10.1007/s13157-019-01220-4

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This drainage–recovery story is limited to Zoige, which accounts for 5% of the wetlands area of the TP. Furthermore, the Zoige wetlands are permanently inundated (so drainage is needed for grazing), though 89% of alpine wetlands on the TP are seasonally inundated ( 10 ), where there is no need to apply drainage for grazing. In fact, the alpine wetland extent has experienced a precipitation-driven increase since the 2000s ( 11 ), rather than a drainage-induced decline.…”

Section: Increase Of Alpine Wetland Extent On the Tp Since The 2000smentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake

Wei

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Section: Increase Of Alpine Wetland Extent On the Tp Since The 2000smentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake

Wei

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Therefore, the different responses of CO 2 fluxes to promoted precipitation between peatlands and swamplands should be taken into full consideration in predicting the feedback of alpine wetlands to climate change on the QTP. Further, more extensive and long-term studies, including those on another potent greenhouse gas, CH 4, are required to quantify the contribution of alpine wetlands to the regional carbon neutrality of alpine wetlands [8].…”

Section: Carbon Budgets Of the Two Wetlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although pristine alpine wetlands could be potential future carbon sources because of the projected warming and drying climate [1,4,5], carbon accumulation in mid-and high-latitude wetlands has increased slightly over recent decades [2,6]. Thus, increased knowledge of carbon dynamics and their responses to environmental controls in alpine wetlands is essential to address this discrepancy and to quantify the contributions of wetlands in mitigating atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations [4,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nongrowing Season CO2 Emissions Determine the Distinct Carbon Budgets of Two Alpine Wetlands on the Northeastern Qinghai—Tibet Plateau

et al. 2021

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Alpine wetlands sequester large amounts of soil carbon, so it is vital to gain a full understanding of their land-atmospheric CO2 exchanges and how they contribute to regional carbon neutrality; such an understanding is currently lacking for the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau (QTP), which is undergoing unprecedented climate warming. We analyzed two-year (2018–2019) continuous CO2 flux data, measured by eddy covariance techniques, to quantify the carbon budgets of two alpine wetlands (Luanhaizi peatland (LHZ) and Xiaobohu swamp (XBH)) on the northeastern QTP. At an 8-day scale, boosted regression tree model-based analysis showed that variations in growing season CO2 fluxes were predominantly determined by atmospheric water vapor, having a relative contribution of more than 65%. Variations in nongrowing season CO2 fluxes were mainly controlled by site (categorical variable) and topsoil temperature (Ts), with cumulative relative contributions of 81.8%. At a monthly scale, structural equation models revealed that net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) at both sites was regulated more by gross primary productivity (GPP), than by ecosystem respiration (RES), which were both in turn directly controlled by atmospheric water vapor. The general linear model showed that variations in nongrowing season CO2 fluxes were significantly (p < 0.001) driven by the main effect of site and Ts. Annually, LHZ acted as a net carbon source, and NEE, GPP, and RES were 41.5 ± 17.8, 631.5 ± 19.4, and 673.0 ± 37.2 g C/(m2 year), respectively. XBH behaved as a net carbon sink, and NEE, GPP, and RES were –40.9 ± 7.5, 595.1 ± 15.4, and 554.2 ± 7.9 g C/(m2 year), respectively. These distinctly different carbon budgets were primarily caused by the nongrowing season RES being approximately twice as large at LHZ (p < 0.001), rather than by other equivalent growing season CO2 fluxes (p > 0.10). Overall, variations in growing season CO2 fluxes were mainly controlled by atmospheric water vapor, while those of the nongrowing season were jointly determined by site attributes and soil temperatures. Our results highlight the different carbon functions of alpine peatland and alpine swampland, and show that nongrowing season CO2 emissions should be taken into full consideration when upscaling regional carbon budgets. Current and predicted marked winter warming will directly stimulate increased CO2 emissions from alpine wetlands, which will positively feedback to climate change.

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“…Then the peatlands gradually became bare and dry, causing wetland to shrink [28]. Peatlands or mires are a large carbon reservoir whose presence in anoxic conditions leads to the release of large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, thus giving a positive feedback on climate warming [29].…”

Section: Table ⅴ List Of Driving Factors Of Wetland Factors Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes Detection and Object-Oriented Classification of Major Wetland Cover Types in Response to Driving Forces in Zoige County, Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Zhang

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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The Zoige Alpine Wetland of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one of the most important wetlands in the world, which suffered stronger human regulations of decades' drainage and recent restoration. It is so fragile that great efforts should be made to strengthen wetland protection. Based on wetland type classification for 7 periods by the object-oriented classification method, we quantitatively discussed dynamically changes of wetland cover types and their driving forces.Conclusions show that alpine meadows accounts for 44.59% of the whole area of the county, and the transition between alpine meadows and swamp meadows mostly occurs in the process of wetland landscape changes. Changes of wetland cover types have taken place in Zoige County from 1990 to 2018 in which wetland loss was mainly caused by the decrease of marsh areas during 1995-2005. Particularly, shift from alpine meadows to swamp meadows led to wetland slightly expansion in two periods, that is, 1990-1995 and 2005-2018. There is a significant negative correlation between marsh area and average temperature in growing season, average wind speed and rural population, and a significant negative correlation between water area and maximum wind speed. The increase of air temperature and wind speed lead to an enhancement of surface evapotranspiration and a decrease of water retention capacity. Whereas, positive feedback of ecosystem lead to an increase in air temperature and a decrease of marsh area. Both climatic changes and human activities have caused changes in wetland cover type, especially temperature in growing season, wind speed, agricultural development, and animal husbandry.

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Feedbacks of Alpine Wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau to the Atmosphere

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake

Nongrowing Season CO2 Emissions Determine the Distinct Carbon Budgets of Two Alpine Wetlands on the Northeastern Qinghai—Tibet Plateau

Changes Detection and Object-Oriented Classification of Major Wetland Cover Types in Response to Driving Forces in Zoige County, Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

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Feedbacks of Alpine Wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau to the Atmosphere

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO 2 uptake

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO 2 uptake

Nongrowing Season CO2 Emissions Determine the Distinct Carbon Budgets of Two Alpine Wetlands on the Northeastern Qinghai—Tibet Plateau

Changes Detection and Object-Oriented Classification of Major Wetland Cover Types in Response to Driving Forces in Zoige County, Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

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Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake

Reply to Ma and Zuo: Ecological restoration on the Tibetan Plateau would benefit terrestrial CO ₂ uptake