“…The P3, a pronounced posterior positivity with a maximum between 300–600 ms after stimulus onset (for a review, see Polich, ), can be considered to be a correlate of this explicit feedback processing. This assumption is supported by research tying this component to the allocation of attentional resources and to working memory updating (Donchin & Coles, , Polich, ), and by findings showing that the P3 predicts learning from feedback in a multiple‐choice learning task (Ernst & Steinhauser, ) as well as behavioral adaptation after rule reversals in a probabilistic learning task (Chase, Swainson, Durham, Benham, & Cools, ; Schiffer et al, ). Thus, variations of the P3 amplitude can be considered to be indicative of the utilization of feedback by the explicit learning system.…”