Feedback control of proppant bank heights during hydraulic fracturing for enhanced productivity in shale formations

Siddhamshetty, Prashanth; Kwon, Joseph; Liu, Shuai; Valkó, Peter

doi:10.1002/aic.16031

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In dynamic situation, the proppants also enhance the pressure drop of the hydraulic fluid in the crack as it introduces another resistance term in Equation (34). The influence of proppants is well studied in the previous studies by Siddhamshetty et al [52,53] These research works may provide guidance for further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Dynamic Hydraulic Fracture

Dong

Chen

et al. 2019

Energies

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Hydraulic fracturing is vital in the stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs, whereas the dynamic process during hydraulic fracturing is still unclear due to the difficulty in capturing the behavior of both fluid and fracture in the transient process. For the first time, the direct observations and theoretical analyses of the relationship between the crack tip and the fluid front in a dynamic hydraulic fracture are presented. A laboratory-scale hydraulic fracturing device is built. The momentum-balance equation of the fracturing fluid is established and numerically solved. The theoretical predictions conform well to the directly observed relationship between the crack tip and the fluid front. The kinetic energy of the fluid occupies over half of the total input energy. Using dimensionless analyses, the existence of equilibrium state of the driving fluid in this dynamic system is theoretically established and experimentally verified. The dimensionless separation criterion of the crack tip and the fluid front in the dynamic situation is established and conforms well to the experimental data. The dynamic analyses show that the separation of crack tip and fluid front is dominated by the crack profile and the equilibrium fluid velocity. This study provides a better understanding of the dynamic hydraulic fracture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Dynamic Hydraulic Fracture

Dong

Chen

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…[37][38][39] An alternative but also fruitful approach for real-time optimization of these (inherently dynamic) oil and gas production systems is to use feedback and model-predictive control (MPC) formulations, particularly when in-situ instrumentation is available to provide highfrequency output variable data (especially in the presence of mixed timescales, as is the case in hydraulic fracturing before the onset of actual hydrocarbon production.) [40][41][42] Model order reduction strategies based on detailed (albeit computationally intractable) PDE descriptions can be employed to serve such MPC formulations. 43,44 In this article, we provide novel insight into the two highlighted limitations of past studies by formulating and solving a long-term, multi-period production optimization problem via simultaneous consideration of production and injection wells with both vertical and deviated geometries.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal rate allocation for production and injection wells in an oil and gas field for enhanced profitability

Epelle¹,

Gerogiorgis²

2019

AIChE Journal

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An oil and gas field requires careful operational planning and management via production optimisation for increased recovery and long-term project profitability. This paper addresses the challenge of production optimisation in a field undergoing secondary recovery by water flooding. The field operates with limited processing capacity at the surface separators, pipeline pressure constraints and water injection constraints; an economic indicator (Net Present Value -NPV) is used as the objective function. The formulated optimisation framework adequately integrates slow-paced subsurface dynamics using reservoir simulation and the fast-paced surface dynamics using sophisticated multiphase flow simulation in the upstream facilities. Optimisation of this holistic longterm model is made possible by developing accurate second order polynomial proxy models at each time step. The resulting formulation is solved as a Nonlinear Program (NLP) using commercially available solvers. A comparative analysis is performed using MATLAB's fmincon solver and the IPOPT solver for their robustness, speed and convergence stability in solving the proposed problem.By implementing 2 synthetic case studies, our mathematical programming approach determines the optimal production and injection rates of all wells and further demonstrates considerable improvement to the NPV obtained by simultaneously applying the tools of streamline, reservoir and surface facility simulation for well rate allocation.

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“…By applying the proppant bank formation mechanism, a nonlinear high-fidelity model for hydraulic fracturing process is developed by Siddhamshetty et al 23 With the input/output simulation data generated by the high-fidelity model where the input is the…”

Section: Reduced-order Model and Kalman Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 In their work, the feedback control system developed by Siddhamshetty et al was used to determine the optimal pumping schedule with reduced amount of freshwater, which maximizes the productivity of the fractured well. 23 Then, a MINLP model was developed to determine the corresponding optimal water management strategy and mitigate the environmental toxicity by treating the flowback water through membrane distillation technology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Model-Based Controller Design Framework for Hydraulic Fracturing To Optimize Shale Gas Production and Water Usage

Cao

Siddhamshetty

Ahn

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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As water issues associated with hydraulic fracturing have received much attention, several optimization approaches have been developed for effective water management. However, most of them have not considered pumping schedules for hydraulic fracturing, which determine the productivity of a shale well as well as the total amount of freshwater required. Motivated by this consideration, a novel model-based control framework is proposed for hydraulic fracturing to maximize the net profit from shale gas development which simultaneously minimizes the total cost associated with water management. The framework is as follows; initially a reduced-order model and a Kalman filter are developed based on the simulation data generated from a high-fidelity hydraulic fracturing model to correlate the pumping schedule and the final fracture geometry. Then, a numerical reservoir simulator and mixed-integer nonlinear programming model are used to generate two maps describing the revenue from selling shale gas produced and cost from managing wastewater recovered, respectively. Finally, by applying a data-based dynamic inputoutput model to connect the two maps, a model predictive control system is formulated. The proposed control framework enables 62% of the generated wastewater to be reused through the application of thermal membrane distillation technology in treatment process and results in a 11% reduction in overall freshwater consumption, while maintaining the productivity of shale wells at its theoretical maximum. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Texas A&M University is a wonderful place and the past two years have been the most fulfilling of my life. I would like to say a heartfelt thank you to my advisor, Dr. Joseph Sang-Il Kwon, for giving me the opportunity to carry out this project as well as his great support and belief through the two years. He always gave me the right direction whenever I felt lost and I have learnt a lot from working with him. Thank you for your guidance. Working with Prashanth Siddhamshetty, Rajib Mukherjee and Yuchan Ahn during these two years in Texas A&M Energy Institute has been an exceptionally educational experience. Their method of study, spirit of investigation and work ethic are the ones I pursue. I`d also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi and Dr. Kan Wu, for their necessary help and advice. Thanks also go to my colleagues and the department faculty and staff for making my time at Texas A&M University a great experience. I want to say a special thank you to Xiaobo He, Yiling Luo, Pengfei Cheng and Jianping Li for being in my life and encouraging me all the time. I could not have done it without them. Lastly, thanks to my mother and father for their love, support and patience. I am thankful that they have always been supportive of all my decisions and encourage me to try my best. Thank you for believing me.

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Feedback control of proppant bank heights during hydraulic fracturing for enhanced productivity in shale formations

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Dynamic Hydraulic Fracture

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Dynamic Hydraulic Fracture

Optimal rate allocation for production and injection wells in an oil and gas field for enhanced profitability

Economic Model-Based Controller Design Framework for Hydraulic Fracturing To Optimize Shale Gas Production and Water Usage

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