Feed Restriction Modulates Growth, Gut Morphology and Gene Expression in Zebrafish

Purushothaman, K.; Tan, Jerryl Kim Han; Lau, Doreen; Saju, Jolly M.; Thevasagayam, Natascha May; Wee, Caroline Lei; Vij, Shubha

doi:10.3390/ijms22041814

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…The aquatic animal gut is not only an important organ for the digestion and absorption of nutrients but also the most important place for material and information exchange between the body and the outside world. It plays an important role in the immune system of the body; the integrity of intestinal morphology and function underlies normal digestion and absorption [ 33 ]. Intestinal villi play an important role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and the longer the villi are, the larger the area of the absorption site and the stronger the digestion capacity [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Intestinal Microflora and Metabolism of Eriocheir sinensis

Gao,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Clostridium butyricum, a new probiotic in recent years, can produce butyric acid and short-chain fatty acids. It has the characteristics of strong acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, and strong resistance to most antibiotics, and has more advantages than other probiotics. However, the action mechanism of C. butyricum on Eriocheir sinensis is still unclear and needs further study. In this study, when C. butyricum was added to the basic diet, the number of living bacteria was 0, 1 × 106 and 1 × 108 CFU/g, respectively. The E. sinensis were randomly divided into three groups: (blank control group, experimental group 1 (1 × 106 CFU/g) and experimental group 2 (1 × 108 CFU/g)). They were fed an experimental diet for 28 days. The effects of C. butyricum on E. sinensis were studied by detecting the differences in non-specific immune indexes, intestinal microflora, and metabolites between serum and hepatopancreas. The results showed that C. butyricum could improve the antioxidant ability of E. sinensis serum and hepatopancreas, protect intestinal tissues, and promote the absorption of nutrients. At the same time, it can enhance the microbial diversity and richness of the E. sinensis gut flora. LC-MS metabolomics was used to detect the metabolism of intestinal flora. It was found that C. butyricum could up-regulate lysophosphatidylcholine in the intestine. Through the KEGG enrichment pathway, it was found that significantly different metabolites were mainly concentrated in six metabolic pathways. The purine metabolism and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism pathways showed a downward trend, indicating that the addition of C. butyricum to feed could reduce purine metabolism, promote the water-salt balance of the organism’s cells, and reduce inflammation. In this study, it was found that the addition of certain concentrations of C. butyricum to feed could improve the antioxidant ability of E. sinensis, improve the intestinal flora environment, and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. This can promote the body’s metabolism, which is more conducive to its growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Intestinal Microflora and Metabolism of Eriocheir sinensis

Gao,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The collected intestine samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h. Post-fixation, a systematic dehydration process was initiated using ethanol, with a gradient concentration ranging from 50% to 100%. The specimens were then embedded in paraffin wax [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Two cross sections of approximately 4–5 µm in thickness were mounted onto slides and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. A sequential dewaxing using xylene and rehydration using alcohol was performed to prepare the specimens for further analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Nutritional and Histological Analysis of Malabar Red Snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) and Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer)

Purushothaman,

Ho Jia Wen,

bin Mohamed

et al. 2024

Animals

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This study offers a comprehensive morpho-histological analysis of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the Malabar red snapper. A comparison of its GIT morphology with that of the Asian seabass reveals similarities and differences between the two species. Additionally, the moisture content, crude protein, and ash in the fillets of Malabar red snapper and Asian seabass were slightly different, with Malabar red snapper exhibiting higher levels of essential fatty acids. Furthermore, higher levels of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratio and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio, and a lower omega-6/omega-3 ratio, were observed in Malabar red snapper compared to Asian seabass. The Malabar red snapper’s esophagus featured protective mechanisms such as simple columnar epithelial cells, mucous-secreting glands, and goblet cells that were predominantly stained for acid and neutral mucosubstances. Furthermore, its stomach, with mucus cells that were weakly stained for acid mucosubstances, exhibited distinct regions with varying glandular densities, with the pyloric region featuring few glands. The pyloric caeca of the fish were composed of five finger-like structures and few goblet cells. Several goblet cells gradually increased from the anterior to the posterior region of the intestine. These findings provide useful insights for the aquaculture sector, focusing on Malabar red snapper.

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“…A reduction (or lack) in feeding affects fishes' metabolic rate, survival, growth, and fitness [97]. Moreover, irregular feeding promotes size heterogeneity in juvenile zebrafish [98]. Additionally, most changes (morphological, physiological, behavioral, etc.)…”

Section: The Zebrafish Model For Studying Mechanisms For Morphologica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis for Morphological Variation in the Zebrafish Danio rerio: Insights from a Low-Heterozygosity Line

Martinez-Bautista,

Padilla,

Burggren

2024

Fishes

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Data variability complicates reproducibility and the interpretation of experimental results. Different animal models have been employed to decrease variability to enhance experimental power. However, variation frequently persists among and within strains/lines. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), inbred lines (e.g., NHGRI-1) derived from wild-type lines have been produced to greatly decrease genetic variation, with the goal of providing better understanding of genetic backgrounds that may influence the experimental outcome of studies employing such lines. We hypothesized that variations in morphological phenotypes shaped by environmental stressors early in development are correlated with the intrinsic degree of genetic variability of zebrafish lines. We compared morphological variability (yolk–chorion ratio, body mass, embryo mass, total length, condition factor, and specific growth rate) in wild-type AB and NHGRI-1 zebrafish lines as a function of their responses to altered temperature and oxygen availability during the first 7 days post-fertilization. Overall, both lines showed similar developmental trajectories for yolk–chorion ratio, embryo mass, and total length. Additionally, condition factor and specific growth rate showed similar responses within each line, regardless of temperature and hypoxia. Importantly, the coefficient of variation for each variable was significantly lower in NHGRI-1 than AB larvae for 151 of 187 assessed morphological endpoints. Thus, the low-heterozygosity NHGRI-1 zebrafish line can be useful for decreasing inter-individual variation in morphological responses to environmental stressors, thereby aiding in the interpretation of results and enhancing experimental reproducibility.

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Feed Restriction Modulates Growth, Gut Morphology and Gene Expression in Zebrafish

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Intestinal Microflora and Metabolism of Eriocheir sinensis

Effects of Clostridium butyricum on Intestinal Microflora and Metabolism of Eriocheir sinensis

Comparative Nutritional and Histological Analysis of Malabar Red Snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) and Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer)

Genetic Basis for Morphological Variation in the Zebrafish Danio rerio: Insights from a Low-Heterozygosity Line

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