Feed Processing. VIII. Estimating Microbial Protein in Rumen Fluid with Presipitating Agents or in Incubated Mixtures of Uncooked Grain Plus Urea or Starea with Differential Centrifugation

Barr, G. W.; Bartley, E.E.; Meyer, Rikke Louise

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(75)84711-4

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our collective results and those of others suggest that most, if not all, of the individual chemical and physical factors we used were additive in their effects. Methanol was evaluated as a component of treatment solutions because of its reported ability to remove the polysaccharide capsule produced by bacteria (Barr et al, 1975). The addition of 1.0% methanol increased removal of PAB from 50 t o 70% in Exp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved techniques for dissociating particle-associated mixed ruminal microorganisms from ruminal digesta solids2

Whitehouse

Olson

Schwab

et al. 1994

Journal of Animal Science

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Combinations of physical and chemical methods were evaluated for their ability to remove particle-associated microorganisms (PAM) from saline-washed ruminal digesta solids (SWRDS). Physical methods included chilling and storage, homogenization, multiple extraction, and agitation with marbles. Chemical methods included use of low pH, Tween 80, formaldehyde, methanol, tertiary butanol, and methylcellulose. Microbial removal from SWRDS was determined directly by using epifluorescence microscopy and indirectly by measuring removal of diaminopimelic acid and total purines. Different combinations of methods resulted in removals of 46 to 82% for particle-associated bacteria (PAB), 52 to 98% for particle-associated protozoa (PAP), and 60 to 83% for PAB plus PAP. Two methods were considered most effective, based on microscopy; both removed similar amounts of PAB (79 to 82%) and PAB plus PAP (80 to 83%). In one method, SWRDS were stored for 24 h at 4 degrees C in a solution of pH 2 saline, .1% Tween 80, 1.0% methanol, and 1.0% tertiary butanol. In the other method, SWRDS were incubated for 30 min in .1% methylcellulose before storage for 24 h at 4 degrees C in pH 2 saline, .1% Tween 80, and 1.0% methanol. Common to both treatments was subsequent homogenization of the suspensions for 15 s followed by washing the digesta solids seven times with the treatment solutions. Both methods resulted in values that exceeded those reported previously for removal of PAM from ruminal digesta solids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved techniques for dissociating particle-associated mixed ruminal microorganisms from ruminal digesta solids2

Whitehouse

Olson

Schwab

et al. 1994

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Retained particles (enclosed in the cloth) were subjected to three successive cycles of washing and shaking in a total volume of 700 ml saline solution (9 g NaCl/l distilled water) at 4-58C in order to remove trapped-fluid-associated microorganisms. The rumen liquid and saline wash fractions obtained were subjected to double centrifugation (Barr et al 1975) to obtain LAB samples. The total bacterial pellets were lyophilised, weighed and analysed for DM and N. SAB were isolated from the washed solid phase and from the precipitate resulting from the first slow centrifugation during LAB isolation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feed intake on composition of sheep rumen contents and their microbial population size

Rodríguez

Gonzàlez²,

Alvir³

et al. 2003

Br J Nutr

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The present study was conducted to determine the effect of feed intake on the composition of the rumen contents of sheep and on their bacterial densities. Whole rumen contents were sampled after a period of continuous inter-rumen infusion of 15 NH 3 from four rumencannulated wethers successively fed on a hay -concentrate diet (2:1, w/w on a DM basis) at two rates of feed intake: 40 and 80 g DM/kg body weight 0·75. Total weight and chemical composition of rumen contents, as well as the distribution by size and chemical composition of particles, were determined. The populations of bacteria associated with the liquid (liquidassociated bacteria, LAB) and solid (solid-associated bacteria, SAB) fractions of rumen digesta and the distribution of SAB according to feed particle size were also examined. The greater feed intake caused an increase in the mass of the rumen contents, while its chemical composition did not change, except for a higher content of organic matter (P¼0·023). The distribution of feed particles by size was similar at both levels of intake. The concentrations of neutral-and acid-detergent fibre in feed particles decreased and those of total, dietary, and microbial N increased, both with a quadratic response (P¼0·001), as particle size decreased. The proportion of LAB in the microbial biomass of rumen digesta reached only 8·0 %. This proportion and the density of LAB were unaffected by the level of feed intake, whereas an apparent reduction (10·4 %) occurred with the SAB biomass in whole rumen contents. A systematic, but not significant, reduction (mean value 11·9 %) in the level of microbial colonisation in the different particle fractions with the increase of feed intake was also observed.

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“…Dados na literatura apontam diferenças entre produtos principalmente nas concentrações de nitrogênio não protéico (Deyoe et al, 1968;Helmer et al, 1970b;Shiehzadeh & Harbers, 1974;Barr et al, 1975;Lee et al, 1975;Stiles et al, 1975b;Wright & Totusek, 1975;Maia et al, 1987;Feitosa et al, 2000e Ezequiel et al, 2000, encontrando valores de equivalente protéico de 23 a 150%. As fontes de amido podem alterar a qualidade do produto (Shiehzadeh & Harbers, 1974;Barr et al, 1975;Stiles et al, 1975be Teixeira et al, 1999, como o grau de gelatinização do amido (Shiehzadeh & Harbers, 1974;Barr et al, 1975e Stiles et al, 1975a, a forma física da amiréia Carmo et al, 1999;Feitosa et al, 2000e Ezequiel et al, 2000 e a relação enxofre:nitrogênio (Thompson et al, 1972).…”

Section: Fatores Que Podem Alterar a Qualidade Da Amiréiaunclassified

“…Em um trabalho de pesquisa in vitro, Barr et al (1975) observaram que a síntese de proteína microbiana no tratamento com amiréia (45S, milho) não diferiu da mistura uréia mais milho extrusado e ambos foram superiores à mistura uréia mais milho moído. Utilizando amiréia (70S, sorgo) com três procedimentos de fabricação, todos proporcionaram uma maior síntese de proteína microbiana comparado à mistura uréia mais sorgo moído, mas não utilizaram sorgo extrusado nesta comparação.…”

Section: Amiréia X Uréiaunclassified

Substituição do farelo de soja por uréia ou amiréia em dietas de bovinos de corte: I. digestibilidade dos nutrientes, balanço de nitrogênio, parâmetros ruminais e sanguíneos; II. desempenho e III. avaliação de indicadores de digestibilidade

Junior¹,

de²

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Mesmo que passe o tempo e as distâncias sejam inseparáveis, jamais deixarei de lembrar aqueles que me ensinaram, auxiliaram e incentivaram na realização deste trabalho, por isso: Muito obrigado, A Deus por iluminar sempre o meu caminho e por estar sempre perto. Ao Prof. Dr. Alexandre Vaz Pires, pela orientação, pelos valiosos ensinamentos, pela amizade, pela confiança e exemplo profissional. Aos Professores Doutores Flávio A. P. Santos e Ivanete Susin pelos ensinamentos, pelas sugestões na execução deste trabalho, pela atenção e pela amizade. Aos professores Doutores Wilson Mattos, Luiz Gustavo Nussio, Adib Abdala, Cláudio Haddad, Telma T. Berchielli e Geisa F. Orsine pelos ensinamentos, sugestões na escrita da tese e pela amizade.

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Feed Processing. VIII. Estimating Microbial Protein in Rumen Fluid with Presipitating Agents or in Incubated Mixtures of Uncooked Grain Plus Urea or Starea with Differential Centrifugation

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Improved techniques for dissociating particle-associated mixed ruminal microorganisms from ruminal digesta solids2

Improved techniques for dissociating particle-associated mixed ruminal microorganisms from ruminal digesta solids2

Effects of feed intake on composition of sheep rumen contents and their microbial population size

Substituição do farelo de soja por uréia ou amiréia em dietas de bovinos de corte: I. digestibilidade dos nutrientes, balanço de nitrogênio, parâmetros ruminais e sanguíneos; II. desempenho e III. avaliação de indicadores de digestibilidade

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