Feed Efficiency Interactions with Other Traits: Growth and Product Quality

Hill, Rodney A.; Ahola, Jason K.

doi:10.1002/9781118392331.ch10

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There are numerous studies examining the relationships of RFI with growth and carcass traits in cattle (Arthur et al ., 2001a and 2001b; Richardson et al ., 2001; Herd et al ., 2002; Basarab et al ., 2003; Nkrumah et al ., 2007; Crowley et al ., 2010 and 2011) including a recent review by Hill and Ahola (2012). Briefly, RFI is not related to pre- and post-weaning growth, body size and slaughter weight in beef cattle and the phenotypic and genetic correlations are near zero.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, RFI is not related to pre- and post-weaning growth, body size and slaughter weight in beef cattle and the phenotypic and genetic correlations are near zero. Carcass traits are also poorly correlated to RFI (Hill and Ahola, 2012), though some studies have reported a low-to-moderate correlation between RFI and carcass fatness ( r p = 0.25 for grade fat; r p = −0.22 for lean meat yield; Nkrumah et al ., 2004) and RFI and marbling ( r g = 0.17; Robinson et al ., 2001). However, when RFI is adjusted for body fatness using ultrasound backfat thickness (RFI fat ), the correlations were near zero (Basarab et al ., 2003 and 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Basarab

Beauchemin

Baron

et al. 2013

Animal

156

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Genetic selection for residual feed intake (RFI) is an indirect approach for reducing enteric methane (CH4) emissions in beef and dairy cattle. RFI is moderately heritable (0.26 to 0.43), moderately repeatable across diets (0.33 to 0.67) and independent of body size and production, and when adjusted for off-test ultrasound backfat thickness (RFIfat) is also independent of body fatness in growing animals. It is highly dependent on accurate measurement of individual animal feed intake. Within-animal repeatability of feed intake is moderate (0.29 to 0.49) with distinctive diurnal patterns associated with cattle type, diet and genotype, necessitating the recording of feed intake for at least 35 days. In addition, direct measurement of enteric CH4 production will likely be more variable and expensive than measuring feed intake and if conducted should be expressed as CH4 production (g/animal per day) adjusted for body size, growth, body composition and dry matter intake (DMI) or as residual CH4 production. A further disadvantage of a direct CH4 phenotype is that the relationships of enteric CH4 production on other economically important traits are largely unknown. Selection for low RFIfat (efficient, −RFIfat) will result in cattle that consume less dry matter (DMI) and have an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with high RFIfat cattle (inefficient; +RFIfat). Few antagonistic effects have been reported for the relationships of RFIfat on carcass and meat quality, fertility, cow lifetime productivity and adaptability to stress or extensive grazing conditions. Low RFIfat cattle also produce 15% to 25% less enteric CH4 than +RFIfat cattle, since DMI is positively related to enteric methane (CH4) production. In addition, lower DMI and feeding duration and frequency, and a different rumen bacterial profile that improves rumen fermentation in −RFIfat cattle may favor a 1% to 2% improvement in dry matter and CP digestibility compared with +RFIfat cattle. Rate of genetic change using this approach is expected to improve feed efficiency and reduce enteric CH4 emissions from cattle by 0.75% to 1.0% per year at equal levels of body size, growth and body fatness compared with cattle not selected for RFIfat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Basarab

Beauchemin

Baron

et al. 2013

Animal

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the past, utilizing feed conversion ratio, evaluated as feed to gain ratio, was the preferred method of determining feed efficient cattle; however, this measure of feed efficiency does not take into account differences in maintenance requirements and can be influenced by differences in growth and mature size (Archer et al, 1999). As a result, it is possible that larger cattle with greater rates of growth may be selected for, resulting in an increase in mature cow size, which may negatively influence cow productivity (Hill and Ahola, 2012). Residual feed intake as a measure of feed efficiency is able to account for maintenance requirements and is phenotypically independent of BW, growth, and mature size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between feed efficiency and puberty in Bos taurus and Bos indicus-influenced replacement beef heifers

Canal

Fontes

Sanford

et al. 2020

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this experiment was to investigate the relationship between residual feed intake (RFI) and parameters associated with reproductive efficiency in growing beef heifers. One hundred and seventy-nine replacement beef heifers (Bos taurus and Bos indicus-influenced) were enrolled in a retrospective cohort design. Heifers were assigned to a 70-d feed efficiency test, and results were utilized to retrospectively classify heifers into Low (n = 51), Medium (n = 66), or High (n = 62) RFI groups based on their individual RFI values. Blood samples were collected weekly throughout the feed efficiency test and breeding season, which were analyzed for plasma concentration of progesterone to determine age at puberty (PUB). By design, residual feed intake differed among RFI groups where High (1.21 ± 0.08 kg/d) had greater (P < 0.01) RFI than Medium (0.00 ± 0.08 kg/d) and Low RFI groups (-1.49 ± 0.09 kg/d), and Medium had greater (P < 0.01) RFI than Low RFI heifers. Yet, no differences were observed between breed types for RFI (P = 0.53). Average daily gain (ADG) differed between breed types where Bos taurus heifers had greater ADG (P = 0.02) than Bos indicus-influenced heifers. Furthermore, ADG tended (P = 0.08) to differ among RFI groups, where Medium RFI heifers tended to have reduced ADG compared with Low and High RFI heifers. No differences were determined between breed types for gain to feed ratio (G:F; P = 0.20; however, G:F differed among RFI groups and was greater (P < 0.01) in Low vs. High, and Low vs. Medium RFI heifers. The percentage of cycling heifers by the start of the breeding season differed (P = 0.03) by RFI group, where a greater percentage of Low RFI heifers were cycling compared with High RFI heifers. A difference was determined on PUB between breed types (P = 0.03), where Bos taurus (393.40 ± 4.64 d) heifers had a reduced PUB compared with Bos indicus-influenced (406.90 ± 5.07 d) heifers. In addition, PUB differed by RFI group where Low (385.96 ± 6.20 d; P < 0.01) and Medium (398.47 ± 5.47 d; P = 0.02) RFI heifers had a reduced PUB compared with High RFI heifers (416.03 ± 5.58 d). In conclusion, more feed efficient heifers attained puberty earlier than less feed efficient heifers. Therefore, selection of heifers for feed efficiency may positively impact reproductive performance of replacement beef heifers.

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Analysis of residual feed intake in Nellore bulls of different ages, rib eye area, and backfat thickness

Oliveira

Malheiros

Ospina

et al. 2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Feed Efficiency Interactions with Other Traits: Growth and Product Quality

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Relationships between feed efficiency and puberty in Bos taurus and Bos indicus-influenced replacement beef heifers

Analysis of residual feed intake in Nellore bulls of different ages, rib eye area, and backfat thickness

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