Feed and Water Consumption, Growth, and Mortality of Male Broilers

Xin, Hongwei; Berry, Ivan L.; Barton, T. L.; Tabler, G. T.

doi:10.3382/ps.0730610

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Bird performance and litter management practice between growouts for the 16 growouts are listed in table 2. Because bird performance was similar in all houses for each growout (Xin et al, 1994), farm averages are reported here. As indicated in table 2, growouts raised on old litter tended to coincide with higher condemnation than those grown on new bedding.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Ventilation Requirement and Associated Energy Cost for Aerial Ammonia Control in Broiler Houses

Xin¹,

Berry²,

Tabler³

1996

Transactions of the ASAE

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Minimum ventilation rate (MVR) and bird performance of four commercial-scale broiler houses were monitored for 16 consecutive growouts. A complete house clean-out was conducted after the 7th growout and again after the 13th growout. Between the clean-outs, only caked litter was removed, and new bedding was added to the old litter.ABSTRACT. Minimum ventilation rate (MVR) and bird performance of four commercial-scale broiler houses were monitored for 16 consecutive growouts. A complete house clean-out was conducted after the 7th growout and again after the 13th growout. Between the clean-outs, only caked litter was removed, and new bedding was added to the old litter.The AfVR needed to control indoor aerial ammonia to within 25 to 30 ppm (MVRJ, for growouts raised on old litter, largely exceeded the normal MVR (MVR J needed for moisture control during the first week of brooding. In particular, MVR^ averaged nine times MVR^ on day one, and declined exponentially with bird age. Elevated MVR^ during a twoweek brooding period requires additional propane fuel use of 136 L (36 gal) and 57 L (15 gal) per 1,000 birds, at an outside temperature , respectively. This extra fuel or heat requirement should be considered in designing supplemental heating capacity for broiler houses using old litter. Moreover, the results obtained from this study suggest that broilers raised on old litter are more likely to have higher carcass condemnation rate than those raised on new litter Heating broiler houses at 35^C (95°F)for two days before chick placement seems helpful in extracting ammonia from old litter, but may not be cost-effective. Thus, whenever possible, house cleaning after each growout is desirable to improve energy use efficiency and indoor air quality. In particular, partial cleaning of the brooding end only would be cost-effective and is recommended.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Ventilation Requirement and Associated Energy Cost for Aerial Ammonia Control in Broiler Houses

Xin¹,

Berry²,

Tabler³

1996

Transactions of the ASAE

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“…overall mortality, first week mortality and mortality after seven days. This classification was used because previous research about mortality rate in average broiler production was shown to follow typical patterns with a peak in mortality at day three and four after placement, a stable low mortality rate during the rest of the production cycle with a slight increased mortality rate during the sixth week of broiler production [14,15,16,17]. For this reason a distinction was made between mortality rate before and after seven days of placement [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for poor health and performance in European broiler production systems.

Limbergen¹,

Sarrazin

Chantziaras

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Conventional broilers are currently one of the most efficient protein converters. Although decades of progress in genetic selection and feed formulation have lead to high standards of efficient broiler production, still a lot of variability is found between farms and between successive flocks. The aim of this study was to investigate risk- and/or protective factors for poor health and performance in conventional broiler-farms in Europe by developing eight multivariable linear mixed models. Three different models were used to investigate mortality (overall, first week, after first week), three models for performance variables (growth, feed conversion, European production index) and two models were related to slaughterhouse data (i.e. dead on arrival and condemnation rate). Results Several factors related to management and housing were significantly associated with health and performance of broilers. The following factors were associated with increased mortality: floor quality, neonatal septicemia, ventilation type and other professional activities of the farmer. The factors associated with performance were chick sex, coccidiosis infections, necrotic enteritis, dysbacteriosis, light intensity adaptations, ventilation type, comparing daily flock results with previous flock results by farmer, daily check of feed and water system and type of feed. For dead on arrival three risk factors were identified i.e. daily growth, type of light adaptation and type of drinkers system. For condemnation rate seven risk factors were found, i.e. type of drinking system, daily growth, feed withdrawal time, type of ventilation, house size, septicemia after seven days and type of feed. Conclusions These results imply that a multifactorial approach is required with adaptations involving both improvements in management, housing, health programs and an increasing level of professionalism of the farmer in order to improve broiler performance and health.

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“…A dose of as few as 10 organisms freshly derived from humans or chickens may colonize young birds (3,4). The daily consumption of water by birds Ͼ30 days of age is approximately 250 ml (35), which is equivalent to 6,250 liters daily in sheds holding 25,000 birds (e.g., farm J). Given that older birds drink 250 ml of water daily, header tanks with a 1,000-liter capacity serving large flocks of older birds would be replenished continuously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Multilocus Sequence Typing To Investigate the Association between the Presence of Campylobacter spp. in Broiler Drinking Water and Campylobacter Colonization in Broilers

Ogden

MacRae

Johnston

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The presence of campylobacters in broiler chickens and throughout the broiler water delivery systems of 12 farms in northeastern Scotland was investigated by sensitive enrichment methods and large-volume filtration. Campylobacter presence was independent of the water source and whether the water was treated. The genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni isolates recovered from chickens and various locations within the water delivery systems were compared by multilocus sequence typing. Matching strains in shed header tanks and birds were found at 1 of the 12 farms investigated. However, the sequence of contamination or whether the source was within or outside the shed was not determined. Nevertheless, these data provide evidence that drinking water could be associated with broiler infection by campylobacters.Laboratory notifications show Campylobacter spp. to be the major cause of identified bacterial human gastrointestinal disease in the United Kingdom. In 2006, the number of cases reached 4,857 in Scotland (95.3 per 100,000; http://www.hps .scot.nhs.uk/giz/wrdetail.aspx?idϭ32791&wrtypeϭ6). In England and Wales, the 2006 number was 45,290 (87.0 per 100,000;

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Feed and Water Consumption, Growth, and Mortality of Male Broilers

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

Minimum Ventilation Requirement and Associated Energy Cost for Aerial Ammonia Control in Broiler Houses

Minimum Ventilation Requirement and Associated Energy Cost for Aerial Ammonia Control in Broiler Houses

Risk factors for poor health and performance in European broiler production systems.

Use of Multilocus Sequence Typing To Investigate the Association between the Presence of Campylobacter spp. in Broiler Drinking Water and Campylobacter Colonization in Broilers

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