FeCo Alloy Nanoparticles Confined in Carbon Layers as High-activity and Robust Cathode Catalyst for Zn-Air Battery

Metal Silicide Nanosphere Decorated Carbon‐Rich Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: Bifunctional Electrocatalysts towards Oxygen and their Application in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

“…Our ceaseless consumption of energy has led to researchers′ exertion on the development of alternative clean energy systems . Renewable electrochemical energy devices on the grounds of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are regarded as a decisive, environmentally compliant, productive and economically feasible alternative . However, incorporation of an active electrocatalyst to accomplish ORR and OER is inevitable to overcome larger overpotentials and slow kinetics .…”

“…The ORR occurring through partial reduction process (two‐electron pathway) or full reduction process (four‐electron pathway) were among these. Improved ORR activity is observed in the full reduction process following four‐electron pathway without producing H 2 O 2 generally observed in platinum‐based catalyst owing to optimum binding energy towards oxygen . On the other hand, OER is also a complicated four electron reaction where necessarily more O−O bonds are built by breaking O−H bonds which are performed commercially by iridium (Ir) or ruthenium (Ru) based catalyst as they possess optimum binding energy towards oxygen and intermediate species such as (*O,*OH,*OOH) involved in the reaction .…”

“…Therefore, there is active quest to design and synthesis of highly stable, low cost and active bifunctional catalyst with predominant facets on the surface coupling of enhanced ORR and OER activity simultaneously to play a crucial role in multiple applications such as fuel cell, metal‐air batteries, and electrolyzers . Transition metal oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides, carbides, hetero‐atoms doped carbon structure are currently widely explored as bifunctional electrocatalyst, but they also possess several shortfalls to overcome the sluggish kinetics of O 2 and durability issues …”

“…[1,2] Renewable electrochemical energy devices on the grounds of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are regarded as a decisive, environmentally compliant, productive and economically feasible alternative. [3][4][5] However, incorporation of an active electrocatalyst to accomplish ORR and OER is inevitable to overcome larger overpotentials and slow kinetics. [4][5][6][7] The ORR occurring through partial reduction process (two-electron pathway) or full reduction process (four-electron pathway) were among these.…”

“…[3][4][5] However, incorporation of an active electrocatalyst to accomplish ORR and OER is inevitable to overcome larger overpotentials and slow kinetics. [4][5][6][7] The ORR occurring through partial reduction process (two-electron pathway) or full reduction process (four-electron pathway) were among these. Improved ORR activity is observed in the full reduction process following four-electron pathway without producing H 2 O 2 [8] generally observed in platinum-based catalyst owing to optimum binding energy towards oxygen.…”