Fecal survey of parasites in free-roaming cats in northcentral Oklahoma, United States

Nagamori, Yoko; Payton, Mark E.; Duncan-Decocq, Rebecca A.; Johnson, Eileen

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.08.008

Cited by 26 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Intestinal parasite risk to pet cats is underrepresented in the literature and is often overlooked by pet owners and veterinarians [1][2][3]. The aims of this study were to report the proportion of positive fecal test results in samples from pet cats in the United States; to examine trends in positivity with age, geographical region, and reason for veterinary visit; and to describe differences in positivity between the two diagnostic methods, centrifugation and coproantigen immunoassay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aims of this study were to report the proportion of positive fecal test results in samples from pet cats in the United States; to examine trends in positivity with age, geographical region, and reason for veterinary visit; and to describe differences in positivity between the two diagnostic methods, centrifugation and coproantigen immunoassay. Previously published studies investigating feline intestinal parasitism in the USA were limited to a single parasite [ 1 , 4 , 5 ], a particular geographical region [ 2 , 3 , 6 ], or focused solely on free-roaming or shelter cats [ 2 , 3 , 7 ]. These limitations make it difficult for a veterinarian to assess the risk to their patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrospective analysis of feline intestinal parasites: trends in testing positivity by age, USA geographical region and reason for veterinary visit

et al. 2020

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Background The goals of this retrospective study were to estimate parasite positivity in samples from cats using zinc sulfate fecal flotation by centrifugation (“centrifugation”) and coproantigen and examine trends with age, geographical region and reason for visit to veterinarian. Common methods of parasite detection, such as centrifugal flotation, passive flotation, or direct smear, may underrepresent the true prevalence of intestinal parasites in cats. Coproantigen testing detects more positive samples than traditional methods alone. Methods Feline fecal test results from the continental USA containing results for fecal exams performed using centrifugation paired with coproantigen results for ascarid, hookworm, whipworm and Giardia were obtained from the database of a national commercial reference laboratory comprised of multiple regional sites. Results Parasite positivity was highest in samples from young cats and decreased with cat age. The western region of the USA had lower total parasite positivity than other regions for all parasites except Giardia. Cats receiving fecal tests during veterinary wellness visits had only slightly lower parasite positivity than samples from cats during sick clinical visits. Conclusions This study showed a larger population of cats are at increased risk of parasitism than commonly believed and coproantigen testing produces more positive test results for the four parasites that antigen can detect than centrifugation of feline fecal samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective analysis of feline intestinal parasites: trends in testing positivity by age, USA geographical region and reason for veterinary visit

et al. 2020

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“…In 2017-2018, up to 47.1 million households in the U.S. owned at least one cat, with 76% of owners considering their cats to be family members [1]. However, cats are generally less medicalized or served by veterinarians compared to dogs [2] even though studies have reported that gastrointestinal parasitism in cats is common [3][4][5][6][7][8]. A recent retrospective study demonstrated a signi cant increase in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in client-owned cats during a 12-year period (19.0% in 2007 vs. 32.5% in 2018; P < 0.0001) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent retrospective study demonstrated a signi cant increase in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in client-owned cats during a 12-year period (19.0% in 2007 vs. 32.5% in 2018; P < 0.0001) [3]. A majority of people acquire cats from shelter or rescue and adopt stray cats [1] although those cat populations harbor a higher prevalence of parasitic infections, ranging between 31.8% and 67.2% [4][5][6][7][8]. The most prevalent nematodes identi ed in cats are Ancylostoma and Toxocara cati [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly detected protozoan parasites in domestic cats and dogs in North America are Cystoisospora (formally known as Isospora) and Giardia [3][4][5][6][7][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Studies evaluating feline fecal samples have reported the prevalence of Cystoisospora and Giardia to range between 3.8-26.0% and 1.2-9.9%, respectively, with the highest prevalence in shelter cats [3-7, 18, 19, 21, 24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further Evaluation and Validation of the VETSCAN IMAGYST: In-Clinic Feline and Canine Fecal Parasite Detection System Integrated with a Deep Learning Algorithm

Nagamori¹,

Sedlak

DeRosa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Fecal examinations in pet cats and dogs are key components of routine veterinary practice; however, the accuracy is influenced by diagnostic methodologies and the experience level of personnel performing the tests. The VETSCAN IMAGYST system was developed to provide simpler and easier fecal examinations which are less influenced by examiners’ skills. This system consists of three components: a sample preparation device, an automated microscope scanner, and an analysis software. The objectives of this study were to qualitatively evaluate the performance of the VETSCAN IMAGYST system on feline parasites (Ancylostoma and Toxocara cati) and protozoan parasites (Cystoisospora and Giardia) and to assess and compare the performance of the VETSCAN IMAGYST centrifugal flotation method to reference centrifugal and passive flotation methods.Methods: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the scanning and algorithmic components of the VETSCAN IMAGYST system, fecal slides were prepared by the VETSCAN IMAGYST centrifugal flotation technique with pre-screened fecal samples collected from dogs and cats and examined by both an algorithm and parasitologist. To assess the performance of the VETSCAN IMAGYST centrifugal flotation technique, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared to conventional flotation techniques.Results: The performance of the VETSCAN IMAGYST algorithm closely correlated with evaluations by parasitologists, with sensitivity of 75.8-100% and specificity of 93.1-100% across the targeted parasites. For samples with 50 eggs or less per slide, Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) ranged from 0.84 to 0.97 across the targeted parasites. The VETSCAN IMAGYST centrifugal flotation method correlated well with the conventional centrifugal flotation method across the targeted parasites: sensitivity of 65.7-100% and specificity of 97.6-100%. Similar results were observed for the conventional passive flotation method compared to the conventional centrifugal flotation method; sensitivity of 56.4-91.7% and specificity of 99.4-100%.Conclusions: The VETSCAN IMAGYST scanning and algorithmic systems with the VETSCAN IMAGYST fecal preparation technique demonstrated a similar qualitative performance to the results of parasitologists’ examinations with conventional fecal flotation techniques. Given the deep learning nature of the VETSCAN IMAGYST system, its performance is expected to improve over time, enabling it to be utilized in veterinary clinics to perform fecal examinations accurately and efficiently.

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Survey on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in domestic cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) in central Nepal

Adhikari

Dhakal²,

Ale³

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Introduction: Cats (Felis catus) are the only felines that live in close contact with humans. Since cats can act as vectors, carriers, reservoirs and definitive hosts of many gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, parasitic assessment could contribute to their survival and well-being. Aims:The current study aimed to assess the diversity and prevalence of GI parasites in domestic and feral cats from Ratnanagar in Chitwan in Central Nepal.Methods: A total of 107 fresh faecal samples of cats (90 household cats and 17 feral cats) of varied ages and sex were collected and transported to the laboratory. The copromicroscopic examination was carried out following direct wet mount, formalinethyl acetate sedimentation, saturated salt flotation, acid-fast staining and sporulation techniques. Furthermore, associated risk factors were evaluated to ascertain the predictor of risks for parasitic acquisition. Results:The current study revealed an overall 95.3% prevalence rate with a 100% rate in feral cats and 94.4% in household cats. Altogether, 18 (17 known and one unknown) different species of GI parasites were reported with the helminths (95.3%; 11 species) and the protozoa (55.1%; seven species). Besides age and sex, outdoor lifestyle, absence or unknown history of medication and hunting behaviour of the felines are the predictors of risk. Furthermore, mixed infection was comparatively higher than single infection in the faecal samples.Conclusions: Cats harbour a higher prevalence and greater diversity of GI parasites, and parasitism varies with age and sex. This finding can be essential for veterinarians and public health authorities for strategic treatment and for assessing the zoonotic transmission of the parasites from these felines. Importantly, an effective medication strategy for cats and owners is recommended.

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Fecal survey of parasites in free-roaming cats in northcentral Oklahoma, United States

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Retrospective analysis of feline intestinal parasites: trends in testing positivity by age, USA geographical region and reason for veterinary visit

Retrospective analysis of feline intestinal parasites: trends in testing positivity by age, USA geographical region and reason for veterinary visit

Further Evaluation and Validation of the VETSCAN IMAGYST: In-Clinic Feline and Canine Fecal Parasite Detection System Integrated with a Deep Learning Algorithm

Survey on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in domestic cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) in central Nepal

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