Fecal microbiota transplantation for severe complicated C. difficile colitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Martínez-Ayala, Pedro; Gonzalez-Hernández, Luz Alicia; Amador-Lara, Fernando; Andrade-Villanueva, Jaime; Ramos-Solano, Moisés

doi:10.1016/j.rgmxen.2018.03.008

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…While FMT interventions in PLWH has been limited in its success, there has been more success with FMT use in PLWH who have Clostridiales difficile infection ( 104 ). Additionally, some studies suggest that the use of antibiotics could improve the uptake of FMT ( 103 , 105 , 106 ). However, much more work is needed in this area, with specific attention paid to maintaining successful engraftment for long-term improvements in PLWH.…”

Section: Treatment Of Dysbiosis In Plwh With Oudmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV, opioid use, and alterations to the gut microbiome: elucidating independent and synergistic effects

et al. 2023

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BackgroundThe microbiome is essential to immune development, defense against pathogens, and modulation of inflammation. Microbial dysbiosis has been reported in various diseases including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and opioid use disorder (OUD). Notably, people living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to both have higher rates of OUD and use opioids at higher rates than the general public. Thus, studying gut microbial alterations in people living with HIV and with OUD could elucidate mechanisms pertaining to how these conditions both shape and are shaped by the microbiome. However, to date few studies have investigated how HIV and OUD in combination impact the microbiome.Aim of reviewHere, we review previous studies outlining interactions between HIV, opioid use, and microbial dysbiosis and describe attempts to treat this dysbiosis with fecal microbial transplantation, probiotics, and dietary changes.Key scientific concepts of reviewWhile the limited number of studies prevent overgeneralizations; accumulating data suggest that HIV and opioid use together induce distinct alterations in the gut microbiome. Among the three existing preclinical studies of HIV and opioid use, two studies reported a decrease in Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, and one study reported a decrease in Muribaculaceae in the combined HIV and opioid group relative to HIV-alone, opioid-alone, or control groups. These bacteria are known to modulate immune function, decrease colonic inflammation, and maintain gut epithelial barrier integrity in healthy individuals. Accordingly, modulation of the gut microbiome to restore gut homeostasis may be attempted to improve both conditions. While mixed results exist regarding treating dysbiosis with microbial restoration in PLWH or in those with opioid dependency, larger well-defined studies that can improve microbial engraftment in hosts hold much promise and should still be explored.

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Section: Treatment Of Dysbiosis In Plwh With Oudmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV, opioid use, and alterations to the gut microbiome: elucidating independent and synergistic effects

et al. 2023

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Is there a role for microbiome-based approach in common variable immunodeficiency?

et al. 2023

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Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by low levels of serum immunoglobulins and increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune disorders and cancer. CVID embraces a plethora of heterogeneous manifestations linked to complex immune dysregulation. While CVID is thought to be due to genetic defects, the exact cause of this immune disorder is unknown in the large majority of cases. Compelling evidences support a linkage between the gut microbiome and the CVID pathogenesis, therefore a potential for microbiome-based treatments to be a therapeutic pathway for this disorder. Here we discuss the potential of treating CVID patients by developing a gut microbiome-based personalized approach, including diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation. We also highlight the need for a better understanding of microbiota-host interactions in CVID patients to prime the development of improved preventive strategies and specific therapeutic targets.

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Fecal microbiota transplantation for severe complicated C. difficile colitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

HIV, opioid use, and alterations to the gut microbiome: elucidating independent and synergistic effects

HIV, opioid use, and alterations to the gut microbiome: elucidating independent and synergistic effects

Is there a role for microbiome-based approach in common variable immunodeficiency?

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