Fecal Microbial and Metabolomic Change during treatment course for depression: An Observational Study

Kurokawa, Shunya; Tomizawa, Yoshihiro; Miyaho, Katsuma; Ishii, Daiki; Takamiya, Akihiro; Ishii, Chiharu; Sanada, Kenji; Fukuda, Shinji; Mimura, Masaru; Kishimoto, Toshifumi

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.009

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…First, the sample size of this study was small. To evaluate the more complex associations between gut microbiomes/metabolomes and sleep, and to avoid beta errors, a large cohort study would be necessary [ 14 , 20 , 21 ]. Second, we did not consider the impact of environmental factors on the composition of gut microbiota in each patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study

Tanaka,

Sanada,

Miyaho

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Growing attention is paid to the association between alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with psychiatric disorders. Our study aimed to determine how gut microbiota and metabolomes are related to the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders by analyzing the datasets of our previous study. Methods Samples were collected from 40 patients (depression: 32 patients [80.0%]); anxiety disorders: 8 patients [20.0%]) in this study. Gut microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gut metabolomes were analyzed by a mass spectrometry approach. Based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), patients were categorized into two groups: the insomnia group (PSQI score ≥ 9, n = 20) and the non-insomnia group (PSQI score < 9, n = 20). Results The insomnia group showed a lower alpha diversity in the Chao1 and Shannon indices than the non-insomnia group after the false discovery rate (FDR) correction. The relative abundance of genus Bacteroides showed a positive correlation with PSQI scores in the non-insomnia group. The concentrations of glucosamine and N-methylglutamate were significantly higher in the insomnia group than in the non-insomnia group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that specific taxa could affect the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of sleep on specific gut microbiota and metabolomes in depression and anxiety disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, only data from the baseline assessment was used. The longitudinal data from the midterm and endpoint assessments was presented in our previous papers [ 14 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study

Tanaka,

Sanada,

Miyaho

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…However, clinical studies have found a negative association between microbial α ‐diversity and depression severity; [ 40 ] α ‐diversity is an important indicator of treatment response as non‐responders show lower diversity than responders. [ 41 ] For β ‐diversity, patients with MDD or depression and animal models consistently clustered separately from their corresponding controls. However, whether the within‐species subgroups were uniquely clustered is not yet clear as no study has assessed the differences in β ‐diversity between subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Deeper Understanding of Gut Microbiome in Depression: The Promise of Clinical Applicability

et al. 2022

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The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has dramatically increased the global prevalence of depression. Unfortunately, antidepressant drugs benefit only a small minority of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new interventions. Accumulating evidence supports a causal relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and depression. To advance microbiota‐based diagnostics and therapeutics of depression, a comprehensive overview of microbial alterations in depression is presented to identify effector microbial biomarkers. This procedure generated 215 bacterial taxa from humans and 312 from animal models. Compared to controls, depression shows significant differences in β‐diversity, but no changes in microbial richness and diversity. Additionally, species‐specific microbial changes are identified like increased Eggerthella in humans and decreased Acetatifactor in rodent models. Moreover, a disrupted microbiome balance and functional changes, characterized by an enrichment of pro‐inflammatory bacteria (e.g., Desulfovibrio and Escherichia/Shigella) and depletion of anti‐inflammatory butyrate‐producing bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium) are consistently shared across species. Confounding effects of geographical region, depression type, and intestinal segments are also investigated. Ultimately, a total of 178 species and subspecies probiotics are identified to alleviate the depressive phenotypes. Current findings provide a foundation for developing microbiota‐based diagnostics and therapeutics and advancing microbiota‐oriented precision medicine for depression.

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“…The other studies compared MDD individuals with and without medication or MDD patients with healthy controls, but not all studies specified which drugs were used (Table 2) [11,16,19,20,[26][27][28]33,39,51]. One study that used fecal samples did not find any difference in metabolomic profile after correction of statistical analyses [57]. The remaining studies did not assess the interference of a specific therapy on metabolomic profile.…”

Section: Strobe Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies

Costa¹,

Carneiro²,

Alves³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Although the understanding of the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) has advanced greatly, this has not been translated into improved outcomes. To date, no biomarkers have been identified for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management of MDD. Thus, we aim to review the biomarkers that are differentially expressed in MDD. A systematic review was conducted in January 2022 in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, and Gale Academic OneFile databases for clinical studies published from January 2001 onward using the following terms: "Depression" OR "Depressive disorder" AND "Metabolomic." Multiple metabolites were found at altered levels in MDD, demonstrating the involvement of cellular signaling metabolites, components of the cell membrane, neurotransmitters, inflammatory and immunological mediators, hormone activators and precursors, and sleep controllers. Kynurenine and acylcarnitine were identified as consistent with depression and response to treatment. The most consistent evidence found was regarding kynurenine and acylcarnitine. Although the data obtained allow us to identify how metabolic pathways are affected in MDD, there is still not enough evidence to propose changes to current diagnostic and therapeutic actions. Some limitations are the heterogeneity of studies on metabolites, methods for detection, analyzed body fluids, and treatments used. The experiments contemplated in the review identified increased or reduced levels of metabolites, but not necessarily increased or reduced the activity of the associated pathways. The information acquired through metabolomic analyses does not specify whether the changes identified in the metabolites are a cause or a consequence of the pathology.

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Fecal Microbial and Metabolomic Change during treatment course for depression: An Observational Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study

The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study

Toward a Deeper Understanding of Gut Microbiome in Depression: The Promise of Clinical Applicability

Metabolomics of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies

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