Fecal Bacterial Diversity in a Wild Gorilla

Frey, Julie C.; Rothman, Jessica M.; Pell, Alice N.; Nizeyi, John Bosco; Cranfield, Michael R.; Angert, Esther R.

doi:10.1128/aem.72.5.3788-3792.2006

Cited by 84 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Although studies of rodent and human gut microbiomes are still the most numerous due to the implications of gut microbes in human health and disease, some initial investigations of nonhuman primate gut microbiota composition and function exist. These investigations have generally focused on catarrhines (Frey et al 2006 ;Fujita and Kageyama 2007 ;Uenishi et al 2007 ;Kisidayova et al 2009 ;Nakamura et al 2009 ;Szekely et al 2010 ;Degnan et al 2012 ;Moeller et al 2012 ;McCord et al 2013 ;Moeller et al 2013 ), although other primate taxa, such as the pygmy loris ( Nycticebus pygmaeus ) (Bo et al 2010 ;Xu et al 2013 ) and the black and mantled howler monkeys ( A. pigra, A. palliata ) (Nakamura et al 2011 ;Clayton et al 2012 ;Amato et al 2013 ) also have been sampled. In most of these studies, the main goal is to provide data regarding the composition of the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Application Of Microbiota-centered Models To Other Primate Taxamentioning

confidence: 98%

The Howler Monkey as a Model for Exploring Host-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Primates

Amato

Righini

2014

Howler Monkeys

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The mammalian gut microbiota is essential to many aspects of host physiology, including nutrition, metabolic activity, and immune homeostasis. Despite the existence of numerous studies of the impact of the gut microbiota on human health and disease, much work remains to be done to improve our understanding of the host-microbe relationship in nonhuman primates. Howler monkeys ( Alouatta spp.) are highly dependent on the gut microbiota for the breakdown of plant structural carbohydrates, and in this chapter we use new data describing the gut microbiome of captive and wild black howler monkeys ( A. pigra ) to develop and test two models of host-microbe interactions and bioenergetics. Improving our understanding of how spatial and temporal fl uctuations in diet affect the nonhuman primate gut microbiota, and how this in turn infl uences host nutrition and physiology, has important implications for the study of the role that the gut microbiota plays in primate ecology, health, and conservation.Resumen El papel de la microbiota intestinal es fundamental para muchos aspectos de la fi siología de los mamíferos, incluyendo la nutrición, la actividad metabólica y la homeostasis del sistema inmune. A pesar de la existencia de muchos estudios acerca de la microbiota intestinal humana debido a sus implicaciones para la salud, aún queda mucho por hacer para poder entender la relación huésped-microorganismos en primates no humanos. Los monos aulladores ( Alouatta spp.) dependen de manera importante de los microbios intestinales para la digestión de los carbohidratos estructurales de las plantas. En este capítulo utilizamos nuevos datos sobre la composición de la microbiota de monos aulladores negros cautivos y silvestres ( A. pigra ) para desarrollar y poner a prueba dos modelos sobre las interacciones

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Section: Application Of Microbiota-centered Models To Other Primate Taxamentioning

confidence: 98%

The Howler Monkey as a Model for Exploring Host-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Primates

Amato

Righini

2014

Howler Monkeys

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“…num. DQ353900 and DQ353922) from gorilla fecal samples (Frey et al 2006). The closest relative of these clones was the 16S rRNA clone p-75-a5 from pig gastrointestinal tract lumen (GenBank acc.…”

Section: Clustering Nms Diversity Indices and Indicator Species Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of bacterial diversity in the gut of piglets supplemented with probiotics using ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis

Gagnon¹,

Talbot²,

Ward³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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M. 2007. Evaluation of bacterial diversity in the gut of piglets supplemented with probiotics using ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 87: 207-219. In this study, ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) was used to monitor changes of intestinal microbiota of piglets treated at birth with or without Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) and/or Saccharomyces cerevisiae ssp. boulardii (SCB) and weaned piglets fed with control diet supplemented with PA and/or SCB or antibiotic. During lactation, probiotics were given orally to piglets three times a week. At weaning (day 21), probiotics and the antibiotic, tiamulin, were added to the diet. Fifteen piglets per treatment were slaughtered at day 18 and day 24. The tracking of each probiotic from colonic samples was done using PCR primers specific for PA targeting the 16S rRNA gene or a specific culture medium for enumeration of SCB. The results showed the presence of probiotics in colonic samples of piglets supplemented with probiotics. Dendograms (UPGMA and Ward's method), and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the variability of RISA profiles in colonic microflora between individual piglets within a treatment was too high to obtain a grouping based on probiotic supplementation. Based on the relative frequency of internal transcribed spacers from RISA profiles (indicator species analysis) and diversity indices (Shannon, richness and evenness), both PA and the antibiotic treatments reduced the bacterial diversity in the gut of piglets after weaning compared with preweaning, while diversity was slightly increased postweaning compared with preweaning in control without antibiotic and SCB groups. In conclusion, all dietary additives differently affected postweaning microbial community composition; however, both antibiotic and PA reduced postweaning microbial diversity suggesting a possible benefit of PA supplementation during the postweaning transition period. Key words:Intestinal flora, piglet, PCR, probiotic, RISA profile, weaning Gagnon, N., Talbot, G., Ward, P., Roy, D., Dupuis, M., Farnworth, E., Tompkins, T. A. et Lessard, M. 2007. Évaluation de la diversité bactérienne intestinale de porcelets supplémentés avec des probiotiques à l'aide de l'analyse de l'espace intergénique des gènes ribosomaux. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 87: 207-219. Dans cette étude, l'analyse de la région intergénique entre les gènes 16S et 23S de l'ARNr (RISA) a été employée pour mesurer la diversité microbienne au niveau du côlon de porcelets nouveau-nés supplémentés avec Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) et/ou Saccharomyces cerevisiae ssp. boulardii (SCB) et de porcelets sevrés alimentés avec une diète contrôle supplémentée avec des probiotiques ou un antibiotique . Pendant la lactation, les probiotiques ont été donnés par gavage trois fois semaine. Au sevrage (jour 21), les probiotiques et l'antibiotique, tiamuline, ont été ajoutés au régime. Quinze porcelets par traitement ont été abattus aux jours 18 et 24. La présence de chacun des probiotiques dans les échanti...

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“…The sequence data were analyzed using the Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology pipeline [Eckburg et al, 2005;Frey et al, 2006;Uenishi et al, 2007;Ley et al, 2008;Caporaso et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2010;Yildirim et al, 2010], version 1.7.0. Quality filtering excluded sequences with a Phred quality score below 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most gut microbiome research is on humans due to health implications, yet several primate gut microbiomes have also been investigated, revealing species-specific gut microbial communities [Eckburg et al, 2005;Frey et al, 2006;Uenishi et al, 2007;Ley et al, 2008;Ochman et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2010;Yildirim et al, 2010;Moeller et al, 2012;McCord et al, 2013]. Comparisons of captive and wild populations of primate species have also found significant interpopulation gut microbial differences [Amato et al, 2013].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome of Wild Lemurs: A Comparison of Sympatric Lemur catta and Propithecus verreauxi

Fogel¹

2015

IJFP

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Mammalian gut microbes are invaluable to the host's metabolism, but few researchers have examined gut microbial dynamics under natural conditions in wild mammals. This study aims to help fill this knowledge gap with a survey of the natural variation of the gut microbiome in 2 wild lemur species, Lemur catta and Propithecus verreauxi. The wild L. catta were also compared to a captive population to discern the effect of habitat within a species. Gut microbial DNA was extracted from fecal samples collected in Madagascar and the Vienna Zoo and sequenced. The wild and captive L. catta had distinct microbial communities, likely due to differences in diet and development between their populations. The wild L. catta and P. verreauxi also had distinct gut microbiomes, due to a change in microbial abundance, not composition. Within each lemur species, there was abundant variation between individuals and from the dry to the wet season. The intraspecific and temporal microbial variation requires more investigation, with changes in diet a likely contributor.

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Fecal Bacterial Diversity in a Wild Gorilla

Cited by 84 publications

References 28 publications

The Howler Monkey as a Model for Exploring Host-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Primates

The Howler Monkey as a Model for Exploring Host-Gut Microbiota Interactions in Primates

Evaluation of bacterial diversity in the gut of piglets supplemented with probiotics using ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis

The Gut Microbiome of Wild Lemurs: A Comparison of Sympatric Lemur catta and Propithecus verreauxi

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