Febrile Seizures and Epilepsy: Association With Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden

Gillberg, Christopher; Lundström, Staffan; Fernell, Elisabeth; Nilsson, Gill; Neville, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.05.027

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the Child and Adolescent Study in Sweden targeting twins born since July 1, 1992, parents of 27,092 twins were interviewed using a validated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV-based interview for early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations (ESSENCE), in connection with the twins’ ninth or twelfth birthday. 106 ESSENCE refers to autism spectrum disorder, learning difficulty, developmental coordination disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The authors, however, found that the rate of ESSENCE in febrile seizures and epilepsy was significantly higher than in the total population without febrile seizures (all p <0.001).…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Febrile seizures: an overview

Leung¹,

Hon²,

Leung³

2018

DIC

179

186

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BackgroundFebrile seizures are the most common neurologic disorder in childhood. Physicians should be familiar with the proper evaluation and management of this common condition.ObjectiveTo provide an update on the current understanding, evaluation, and management of febrile seizures.MethodsA PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms ‘febrile convulsions’ and ‘febrile seizures’. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews.ResultsFebrile seizures, with a peak incidence between 12 and 18 months of age, likely result from a vulnerability of the developing central nervous system to the effects of fever, in combination with an underlying genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The majority of febrile seizures occur within 24 hours of the onset of the fever. Febrile seizures can be simple or complex. Clinical judgment based on variable presentations must direct the diagnostic studies which are usually not necessary in the majority of cases. A lumbar puncture should be considered in children younger than 12 months of age or with suspected meningitis. Children with complex febrile seizures are at risk of subsequent epilepsy. Approximately 30–40% of children with a febrile seizure will have a recurrence during early childhood. The prognosis is favorable as the condition is usually benign and self-limiting. Intervention to stop the seizure often is unnecessary.ConclusionContinuous preventative antiepileptic therapy for the prevention of recurrent febrile seizures is not recommended. The use of intermittent anticonvulsant therapy is not routinely indicated. Antipyretics have no role in the prevention of febrile seizures.

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Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Febrile seizures: an overview

Leung¹,

Hon²,

Leung³

2018

DIC

179

186

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“…Rather surprisingly, very few studies have investigated the possible co‐occurrence between FS and other neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric disorders, without referring to FS as a causative factor …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive functioning in a representative cohort of preschool children with febrile seizures

et al. 2019

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Aim: To analyse cognitive functioning in 4-5-year-old children who had experienced febrile seizures (FS) and to assess the importance of complex, recurrent and early vs late onset FS. Methods: The sample consisted of 73 children, screen positive for FS, drawn from the general child population of 4-year-old children attending their health check-up at child healthcare centres in Gothenburg, Sweden. They were assessed as regards general cognitive ability, visual memory and attention and were contrasted with age norms and with results obtained in 20 children without FS from the same healthcare centres.Results: Of the 73 children, two had a previously diagnosed intellectual disability (ID) (one mild, one moderate) and two further children tested within the study had results corresponding to mild ID. Children with early onset of FS (before age 12 months)who often had recurrent FS-had lower full-scale, verbal and processing speed IQ than those who had later onset of FS. Conclusion:Children with early onset of FS and particularly those with recurrent FS may be at increased risk for poorer verbal and processing speed functioning and therefore at risk of developing cognitive, executive dysfunctions. They would probably benefit from neuropaediatric and neuropsychological follow-up. K E Y W O R D S cognitive test data, febrile seizures, IQ, preschool children, processing speed How to cite this article: Billstedt E, Nilsson G, Leffler L, et al. Cognitive functioning in a representative cohort of preschool children with febrile seizures. Acta Paediatr. 2020;109:989-994. https ://doi.

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“…Based on the aforementioned, altered expression of genes related to GABA and/or Glu might be linked to several ASD phenotypic features including cognitive deficits and/or hyperactivity (Jamain et al, 2002 ; Naaijen et al, 2017 ). Moreover, abnormalities in both neurotransmitters including an increase in the excitatory Glu and/or decrease in the inhibitory GABA were found to lead to epileptic seizure, a clinical feature which is commonly observed in ASD patients (Ballaban-Gil and Tuchman, 2000 ; Levisohn, 2007 ; Gillberg et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Correlation Of Neurotransmitters Dysfunction To Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Enlightenment About Etiology and Pharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2018

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Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental brain disorder characterized by two core behavioral symptoms, namely impairments in social communication and restricted/repetitive behavior. The molecular mechanisms underlying ASD are not well understood. Recent genetic as well as non-genetic animal models contributed significantly in understanding the pathophysiology of ASD, as they establish autism-like behavior in mice and rats. Among the genetic causes, several chromosomal mutations including duplications or deletions could be possible causative factors of ASD. In addition, the biochemical basis suggests that several brain neurotransmitters, e.g., dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine (ACh), glutamate (Glu) and histamine (HA) participate in the onset and progression of ASD. Despite of convincible understanding, risperidone and aripiprazole are the only two drugs available clinically for improving behavioral symptoms of ASD following approval by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Till date, up to our knowledge there is no other drug approved for clinical usage specifically for ASD symptoms. However, many novel drug candidates and classes of compounds are underway for ASD at different phases of preclinical and clinical drug development. In this review, the diversity of numerous aetiological factors and the alterations in variety of neurotransmitter generation, release and function linked to ASD are discussed with focus on drugs currently used to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms related to ASD. The review also highlights the clinical development of drugs with emphasis on their pharmacological targets aiming at improving core symptoms in ASD.

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Febrile Seizures and Epilepsy: Association With Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden

Abstract: In a nationally representative sample of twins, there was an increased rate of ESSENCE in childhood epilepsy and in febrile seizures. Febrile seizures alone could occur as a marker for a broader ESSENCE phenotype.

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Febrile seizures: an overview

Febrile seizures: an overview

Cognitive functioning in a representative cohort of preschool children with febrile seizures

Current Enlightenment About Etiology and Pharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder

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