Features of the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and constitutional characteristics in highly skilled mesomorphic somatotype wrestlers

Abstract

Mechanisms of regulation of cardiac rhythm have many individual features, which are conditioned by age, sex, training of the organism, strength and nature of external influence, constitutional features of the organism. The purpose of the work is to determine the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and parameters of the external structure of the body in highly skilled wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype. The study involved 24 wrestlers between the ages of 17 and 21 with a high level of sportsmanship and more than 3 years of experience. All of the wrestlers were of medium weight and engaged in free and Greco-Roman wrestling. We conducted a study of heart rate variability on the cardiac computer diagnostic complex “OPTW” following the recommendations of the European and North American Cardiac Association (1996). The indices of vegetative homeostasis according to Bayevsky, variational heart rate, statistical and spectral cardiointervalographic indicators were determined. Anthropometry was performed according to the method of V.V. Bunak (1941), somatotypological study – by the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990), determination of the component composition of body weight by the method of Matejko (1992). In the package “STATISTICA 5.5” correlation analysis was performed using the nonparametric Spearman statistical method. It was found that in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, the variations of the pulsometry had the highest number and strength of reliable correlations with constitutional parameters, most of which were inverse of the mean force. All statistical indicators of heart rate variability with indicators of the external structure of the body had only inverse significant correlations. The least significant correlations were found for spectral indices and parameters of vegetative homeostasis. According to the results of the correlation analysis in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, we can assume that with the increase of total, longitudinal, circumferential, transverse body sizes and muscle and bone mass, the variability of the heart rhythm of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system will be more pronounced.

Relationships of heart rate variability parameters with indicators of external body structure in highly qualified juvenile mesomorph volleyball players

“…In general, it is interesting to note that the number and strength of correlations between mode and parameters of external body structure in highly qualified athletes of different sports differs significantly. Thus, in mesomorph athletes this indicator is practically unrelated to anthropometric characteristics [20], and in wrestlers it is interrelated with most of the constitutional parameters (63.3 %) [24]. In mesomorphic-type volleyball players, the amplitude of mode had significant average correlations with only 8.2 % of anthropo-somatotypological indicators, inverse correlations prevail (6.1 %).…”

“…Establishing relationships between heart rate variability and somatometric parameters makes it possible from the standpoint of integrative anthropology [11] to substantiate the peculiarities of the regulation of cardiac activity in individuals of a certain somatotype [21]. Analyzing the features of correlations between cardiointervalographic parameters and indicators of external body structure in mesomorphic volleyball players, it is necessary to note the smaller number and strength of the identified reliable relationships, in contrast to the group of fighters who also belonged to this somatotype, as noted in our previous studies [24]. In addition, it was found that volleyball players of mesomorphic somatotype had more numerous correlations between variations of heart rate and spectral parameters of heart rate variability and indicators of external body structure than athletes, who also belonged to this constitutional type [20].…”

“…This method of diagnosis creates a perspective in the individual training process in the detection of signs of overstrain of the mechanisms of adaptation, thereby improving the results of the team as a whole [1,9,17,22]. Printed literature, which describes this technique for determining heart rate variability, is not numerous among volleyball players [18,23,24], and especially little information on the study of constitutional features, anthropometric indicators in combination with cardiointervalographic data, which determines the scientific novelty of this research.…”