Features of the Ignition of a Laser Fusion Target by a Converging Shock Wave

Бельков, С. А.; Бондаренко, С. В.; Гаранин, С. Г.; Gus’kov, S. Yu.; Demchenko, N. N.; Змитренко, Н. В.; Kuchugov, P. A.; Stepanov, R. V.; Щербаков, В. А.; Yakhin, R. A.

doi:10.1134/s1063776120090149

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Today the term " fast ignition" is commonly used to describe all scenarios involving two main stages: compression of fuel to high density without significant heating, and heating a large enough area of high-density fuel to ignition temperature T ig with any additional energy source, but without using a focused shock wave (it was originally introduced to describe one of scenarios of such type [22]). Focused shock wave heating [23][24][25][26] scenarios are now called " convergent shock wave ignition" or " focused shock wave ignition " [25,26] in Russian; the English literature uses the term " shock ignition" [24]. Fast ignition with strong additional compression of some fuel regions by heating other regions [27][28][29][30][31] has been considered.…”

Section: Concept Of Fast Ignition and Some Variants Of Fast Ignition ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the problem of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones

Shmatov

2022

Technical Physics

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The problems of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones for their high-precision injection into region near the center of the reactor chamber are considered and the possibility of solution of these problems is shown. A brief review of discussed variants of such targets and of their main advantages, related to ignition of microexplosion and simplicity of providing preservation of targets workability during their flight in the reactor chamber, is presented. Fast ignition by microexplosion of two-sided cone target and the method to estimate acceptable speed of stabilizing rotation of thermonuclear target are proposed. Keywords: controlled thermonuclear fusion, inertial confinement, fast ignition, two-sided cone targets, spin stabilization of flight.

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Section: Concept Of Fast Ignition and Some Variants Of Fast Ignition ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the problem of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones

Shmatov

2022

Technical Physics

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“…in the case of the traditional approach, is intended for smooth low-entropy implosion of the target within a few nanoseconds. In the second high-intensity step, very quickly (in tenths of a nanosecond), the pulse power rises to values of 300-500 TW and remains during the period of 200-600 ps in the case of the 3rd Nd-laser harmonic pulse [6][7][8][9] or increases to values of 600-800 TW and persists during the period of 1-1.5 ns in the case of 2nd Nd-laser harmonic pulse [10]. This second part of the laser pulse (spike) is designed to generate a powerful igniting shock wave with a pressure of several hundred megabars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This facility will provide energy 2.8 Megajoule (MJ) of the 2nd Nd-laser harmonic radiation in 192 beams [49,50]. The target proposed in [10] is considered. The parameters were optimized based on numerical simulations performed without taking into account the fast-electron generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, the gain calculated in the approximation of the absence of fast-electron generation will be called as the basic gain. The gain of the target proposed in [10] with respect to the absorbed laser energy is G = 98. The mass of this target and the energy of the 2nd Nd-laser harmonic pulse are approximately three times larger than in the case of the 3rd Nd-laser harmonic driver [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast-electron maintaining a high shock-ignition gain with a significant decrease in the laser pulse energy

Gus’kov¹,

Demchenko²,

Dmitriev³

et al. 2022

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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The effect of energy transfer by laser-accelerated fast electrons on thermonuclear gain of a shock- ignited ICF target at the different power and duration of high-intensity part of the laser pulse (spike) responsible for igniting shock wave generation has been investigated on the basis of hydro-kinetic numerical simulations. The key result of these studies is that the fast-electron energy transfer is able to provide a great contribution to igniting shock wave pressure to maintain a high thermonuclear gain with a significant decrease in the energy of the igniting part of laser pulse. Calculations were performed for the 2nd harmonic Nd-laser pulse in order to justify shock-ignition experiments on MJ-class facility, which is under construction in Russia now. Spike energy conversion to fast electron energy and its temperature were selected in the ranges, which are discussed in the literature. It has been found that fast electrons with a temperature of 50-70 keV, whose energy contains 20-40% of spike energy, make so large contribution to the pressure of igniting shock wave that the gain factor retains its value of 70-80 with spike energy decrease by 1.5-2 times.

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“…Christopherson et al 19 show that preheat is worse for lower adiabat implosions, and Colaïtis et al 20 demonstrates that the inclusion of an ablator can help to reduce the penetration (thus preheat) of the hot electrons. Trela et al 16 and Bel'kov et al 31 demonstrate that the timing of the high-intensity spike can also change the amount of hot-electron preheat. The target and laser pulse shape design might be key to determine whether hot electrons have a harmful or beneficial effect to SI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of hot electrons in shock ignition constrained by experiment at the National Ignition Facility

et al. 2022

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Shock ignition is a scheme for direct drive inertial confinement fusion that offers the potential for high gain with the current generation of laser facility; however, the benefits are thought to be dependent on the use of low adiabat implosions without laser–plasma instabilities reducing drive and generating hot electrons. A National Ignition Facility direct drive solid target experiment was used to calibrate a 3D Monte Carlo hot-electron model for 2D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of a shock ignition implosion. The [Formula: see text] adiabat implosion was calculated to suffer a 35% peak areal density decrease when the hot electron population with temperature [Formula: see text] and energy [Formula: see text] was added to the simulation. Optimizing the pulse shape can recover [Formula: see text] of the peak areal density lost due to a change in shock timing. Despite the harmful impact of laser–plasma instabilities, the simulations indicate shock ignition as a viable method to improve performance and broaden the design space of near ignition high adiabat implosions.

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Features of the Ignition of a Laser Fusion Target by a Converging Shock Wave

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

On the problem of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones

On the problem of acceleration of fast ignition thermonuclear targets with two cones

Fast-electron maintaining a high shock-ignition gain with a significant decrease in the laser pulse energy

Role of hot electrons in shock ignition constrained by experiment at the National Ignition Facility

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