Features of the course of hepatocardial syndrome in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

The issues of changes in clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters in cats with hepatocardial syndrome formed against the background of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were studied. It is known that in high-bred cats with congestive heart failure, secondary hepatopathy can develop and progress. It was shown that hepatocardial syndrome occurs in 33.7 % of cats, out of the total number of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n = 83). It has been established that hepatocardial complications in cats are a risk factor for a more severe course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hepatocardial syndrome in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by severe hypothermia, circulatory and respiratory failure. In sick animals, an increase in frequency of breathing during sleep was recorded (33.39.3 versus 17.91.8 times/min; p 0.001). Domestic cats with hepatocardial syndrome had a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (100.219.3 versus 107.219.1 mm Hg; p 0.05), sinus tachycardia (200.319.6 17.8 times/min; p 0.001), which leads to a significant decrease in PQ intervals (57.99.9 versus 64.99.9 ms; p 0.001) and QT intervals (168.917, 2 vs 157.518.6 ms; p 0.001). Sick cats had a significant increase in the time of refilling of capillaries with blood, slowdown in intraventricular conduction, increase in voltage of ventricular and atrial complex on electrocardiograms, expansion of pulmonary vein, significant dilatation of left atrium, extreme concentric hypertrophy of left ventricle, increase in transverse contractility of myocardium of left ventricle and decrease in longitudinal contractility myocardium of left and right ventricles, cardiomyocyte cytolysis syndrome, cholestasis, and hypoalbuminemia