Features of intestinal microbiota diversity in elderly patients with metabolic disorders (literature review)

Abstract

Background: Currently, the proportion of elderly patients is increasing all over the world (more than 20% of patients over the age of 60 in the Russian Federation), most of whom suffer from chronic non-communicable diseases, including metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia). Laboratory diagnostic methods (glucose tolerance test, determination of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-and high-density lipoproteins, atherogenic coefficient), widely used by specialists in various fields, are able to make a diagnosis in a timely manner. There are many theories explaining the development of the pathological process in metabolic disorders. In atherosclerotic vascular lesions, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress can play an important role. In addition, one of the new mechanisms for the development of pathological inflammation may be the formation of the intestinal microbiota with a predominance of a cluster of bacteria that produce